Galactone‐γ‐lactone‐dependent ascorbate biosynthesis alters wheat kernel maturation

Paradiso, Annalisa; Pinto, Maria Concetta de; Locato, Vittoria; Gara, Laura De

doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.2011.00543.x

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Dehydroascorbate oxido-reductase (glutathione: DHAR, EC 1.8.5.1), MDHAR (NADH: monodehydroascorbate radical oxido-reductase, EC 1.6.5.4), and CAT (hydrogen peroxide: hydrogen peroxide oxido-reductase, EC 1.11.1.11) were assayed according to Paradiso et al (2012). Peroxidase activity (POD EC 1.11.1.7) was measured following the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) at 652 nm (𝜀 = 26,9 mM -1 cm -1 ), according to Ferrer et al (1990).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ROS Production and Scavenging under Anoxia and Re-Oxygenation in Arabidopsis Cells: A Balance between Redox Signaling and Impairment

et al. 2016

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Plants can frequently experience low oxygen concentrations due to environmental factors such as flooding or waterlogging. It has been reported that both anoxia and the transition from anoxia to re-oxygenation determine a strong imbalance in the cellular redox state involving the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). Plant cell cultures can be a suitable system to study the response to oxygen deprivation stress since a close control of physicochemical parameters is available when using bioreactors. For this purpose, Arabidopsis cell suspension cultures grown in a stirred bioreactor were subjected to a severe anoxic stress and analyzed during anoxia and re-oxygenation for alteration in ROS and NO as well as in antioxidant enzymes and metabolites. The results obtained by confocal microscopy showed the dramatic increase of ROS, H2O2, and NO during the anoxic shock. All the ascorbate-glutathione related parameters were altered during anoxia but restored during re-oxygenation. Anoxia also induced a slight but significant increase of α-tocopherol levels measured at the end of the treatment. Overall, the evaluation of cell defenses during anoxia and re-oxygenation in Arabidopsis cell cultures revealed that the immediate response involving the overproduction of reactive species activated the antioxidant machinery including ascorbate-glutathione system, α-tocopherol and the ROS-scavenging enzymes ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, and peroxidase making cells able to counteract the stress toward cell survival.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ROS Production and Scavenging under Anoxia and Re-Oxygenation in Arabidopsis Cells: A Balance between Redox Signaling and Impairment

et al. 2016

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“…cAPX (EC 1.11.1.11) activity was determined following the H 2 O 2 -dependent oxidation of ascorbate at 290 nm, as described by Paradiso et al (2012).…”

Section: Gsnor and Capx Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

S-Nitrosylation of Ascorbate Peroxidase Is Part of Programmed Cell Death Signaling in Tobacco Bright Yellow-2 Cells

et al. 2013

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Nitric oxide (NO) is a small redox molecule that acts as a signal in different physiological and stress-related processes in plants. Recent evidence suggests that the biological activity of NO is also mediated by S-nitrosylation, a well-known redox-based posttranslational protein modification. Here, we show that during programmed cell death (PCD), induced by both heat shock (HS) or hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Bright Yellow-2 cells, an increase in S-nitrosylating agents occurred. NO increased in both experimentally induced PCDs, although with different intensities. In H 2 O 2 -treated cells, the increase in NO was lower than in cells exposed to HS. However, a simultaneous increase in S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), another NO source for S-nitrosylation, occurred in H 2 O 2 -treated cells, while a decrease in this metabolite was evident after HS. Consistently, different levels of activity and expression of GSNO reductase, the enzyme responsible for GSNO removal, were found in cells subjected to the two different PCD-inducing stimuli: low in H 2 O 2 -treated cells and high in the heat-shocked ones. Irrespective of the type of S-nitrosylating agent, S-nitrosylated proteins formed upon exposure to both of the PCD-inducing stimuli. Interestingly, cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase (cAPX), a key enzyme controlling H 2 O 2 levels in plants, was found to be S-nitrosylated at the onset of both PCDs. In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that S-nitrosylation of cAPX was responsible for the rapid decrease in its activity. The possibility that S-nitrosylation induces cAPX ubiquitination and degradation and acts as part of the signaling pathway leading to PCD is discussed.

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“…Interestingly, this ASC increase induces a delay in the activation of programmed cell death, a process typically occurring at the end of the storing process in cereal endosperm cells. The ASC-enriched kernels also have an increased weight and protein content, probably due to the extension of the filling phase (Paradiso et al, 2012). However, although GaL supply could be an efficient strategy for vitamin C biofortification, its feasibility on large scale is discouraged by the high cost of the treatments.…”

Section: Strategy Of Biofortificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to increase vitamin C in plants: from plant defense perspective to food biofortification

2013

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Vitamin C participates in several physiological processes, among others, immune stimulation, synthesis of collagen, hormones, neurotransmitters, and iron absorption. Severe deficiency leads to scurvy, whereas a limited vitamin C intake causes general symptoms, such as increased susceptibility to infections, fatigue, insomnia, and weight loss. Surprisingly vitamin C deficiencies are spread in both developing and developed countries, with the latter actually trying to overcome this lack through dietary supplements and food fortification. Therefore new strategies aimed to increase vitamin C in food plants would be of interest to improve human health. Interestingly, plants are not only living bioreactors for vitamin C production in optimal growing conditions, but also they can increase their vitamin C content as consequence of stress conditions. An overview of the different approaches aimed at increasing vitamin C level in plant food is given. They include genotype selection by “classical” breeding, bio-engineering and changes of the agronomic conditions, on the basis of the emerging concepts that plant can enhance vitamin C synthesis as part of defense responses.

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Galactone‐γ‐lactone‐dependent ascorbate biosynthesis alters wheat kernel maturation

Cited by 34 publications

References 52 publications

ROS Production and Scavenging under Anoxia and Re-Oxygenation in Arabidopsis Cells: A Balance between Redox Signaling and Impairment

ROS Production and Scavenging under Anoxia and Re-Oxygenation in Arabidopsis Cells: A Balance between Redox Signaling and Impairment

S-Nitrosylation of Ascorbate Peroxidase Is Part of Programmed Cell Death Signaling in Tobacco Bright Yellow-2 Cells

Strategies to increase vitamin C in plants: from plant defense perspective to food biofortification

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