Galactomannan antigen detection in the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis

Verdaguer, Virginia; Walsh, Thomas J.; Hope, William; Cortez, Karoll J.

doi:10.1586/14737159.7.1.21

Cited by 58 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…The plasma galactomannan in this neutropenic model for IPA was significantly increased within the first three days, which is consistent with previous observations of the expression of galactomannan in IPA in neutropenic rabbit model systems and neutropenic patients with IPA [44]. Various PCR techniques for detecting Aspergillus species are being used on blood and BAL fluid [45,46] however none of the PCR-based tests are yet standardized or validated for reference laboratory use.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Protein expression profiles distinguish between experimental invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and Pseudomonas pneumonia

Gonzales¹,

Torre‐Minguela²,

Wang³

et al. 2011

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We hypothesized that invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) may generate a distinctive proteomic signature in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Proteins in plasma and BAL from two neutropenic rabbit models of IPA and Pseudomonas pneumonia were analyzed by SELDI-TOF MS. Hierarchical clustering analysis of plasma time course spectra demonstrated two clusters of peaks that were differentially regulated between IPA and Pseudomonas pneumonia (57 and 34 peaks, respectively, p<0.001). PCA of plasma proteins demonstrated a time-dependent separation of the two infections. A random forest analysis that ranked the top 30 spectral points distinguished between late Aspergillus and Pseudomonas pneumonias with 100% sensitivity and specificity. Based on spectral data analysis, three proteins were identified using SDS-PAGE and LC/MS and quantified using reverse phase arrays. Differences in the temporal sequence of plasma haptoglobin (p <0.001), apolipoprotein A1 (p<0.001) and transthyretin (p<0.038) were observed between IPA and Pseudomonas pneumonia, as was C-reactive protein (p<0.001). In summary, proteomic analysis of plasma and BAL proteins of experimental Aspergillus and Pseudomonas pneumonias demonstrates unique protein profiles with principal components and spectral regions that are shared in early infection and diverge at later stages of infection. Haptoglobin, apolipoprotein A1, transthyretin and C-reactive protein are differentially expressed in these infections suggesting important contributions to host defense against IPA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Protein expression profiles distinguish between experimental invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and Pseudomonas pneumonia

Gonzales¹,

Torre‐Minguela²,

Wang³

et al. 2011

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“…The Platelia Aspergillus enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA) detects a galactomannan antigen produced by several molds (5). However, studies to date have not included Histoplasma capsulatum.…”

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confidence: 99%

Histoplasmosis-Associated Cross-Reactivity in the BioRad Platelia Aspergillus Enzyme Immunoassay

Wheat

Hackett

Durkin

et al. 2007

Clin Vaccine Immunol

149

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We observed false-positive results in the Platelia Aspergillus enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA) for specimens from patients with histoplasmosis and mice with experimental infection. Platelia Aspergillus EIA-positive specimens were negative in the second-generation Histoplasma antigen EIA. Care must be taken to exclude histoplasmosis for patients with positive Platelia Aspergillus EIA results.The Platelia Aspergillus enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA) detects a galactomannan antigen produced by several molds (5). However, studies to date have not included Histoplasma capsulatum. We recently observed false-positive results in the Platelia Aspergillus EIA for specimens from six patients with culture-proven histoplasmosis, as have others (4). Based upon these observations (Table 1), we conducted a laboratory-based study of specimens submitted for Platelia Aspergillus EIA or Histoplasma antigen testing and evaluated cross-reactivity in experimental models of histoplasmosis and aspergillosis.(Part of this work was presented at the 46th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 27 to 30 September 2006.)Residual serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid specimens that were submitted to MiraVista Diagnostics for Histoplasma antigen testing or Platelia Aspergillus EIA and were positive were retested the following day in the other EIA. The second-generation Histoplasma antigen EIA (MiraVista Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN) uses polyclonal antibodies to H. capsulatum and has been described elsewhere (6). Results of Ն1 unit were regarded as positive. The Platelia Aspergillus EIA (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Redmond, WA) uses monoclonal antibodies produced against Aspergillus fumigatus. Specimens were pretreated with EDTA for the Platelia Aspergillus EIA and boiled in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications. Results with a galactomannan index (GMI) of 0.5 or greater were reported as positive. Note that the Platelia Aspergillus EIA is not FDA cleared for specimens other than serum.Twenty-three of 48 serum specimens positive for antigen in the second-generation Histoplasma antigen EIA were positive in the Platelia Aspergillus EIA (Fig. 1). Positive results were more frequent for specimens giving levels of 40 units or higher in the Histoplasma antigen EIA (12/17 [70.6%]) than for those giving levels below 40 units (11/31 [35.5%]) (P ϭ 0.043 by chi-square test). As controls, 12 serum specimens that were negative in the Histoplasma antigen EIA were tested in the Platelia Aspergillus EIA, and all were negative. Seven of 11 (63.6%) BAL fluid specimens that were positive in the Histoplasma antigen EIA were positive in the Platelia Aspergillus EIA. Results for the Histoplasma antigen EIA ranged from 2.2 to 61.7 units for the BAL fluid specimens that were positive in the Platelia Aspergillus EIA, compared to 4.2 to 21.2 units for those that were negative. Ten control BAL fluid specimens that were negative in the Histoplasma antigen EIA were negative in the Platelia Aspergillus EIA.Twenty serum specimens that w...

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“…A biochemical basis for cross-reactivity between cryptococcal GalXM and Aspergillus GalM is not obvious (2,13). The structural dissimilarities among GalM, GalXM, and GXM suggest that the likelihood for shared antigenicity may be small (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Galactoxylomannan Does Not Exhibit Cross-Reactivity in the PlateliaAspergillusEnzyme Immunoassay

Jesus

Hackett²,

Durkin³

et al. 2007

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Galactomannan antigen detection in the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis

Cited by 58 publications

References 70 publications

Protein expression profiles distinguish between experimental invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and Pseudomonas pneumonia

Protein expression profiles distinguish between experimental invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and Pseudomonas pneumonia

Histoplasmosis-Associated Cross-Reactivity in the BioRad Platelia Aspergillus Enzyme Immunoassay

Galactoxylomannan Does Not Exhibit Cross-Reactivity in the PlateliaAspergillusEnzyme Immunoassay

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