Gait compensations in rats after a temporary nerve palsy quantified using temporo-spatial and kinematic parameters

Eftaxiopoulou, Theofano; Macdonald, Warren; Britzman, David; Bull, Anthony M.J.

doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2014.04.011

Cited by 20 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Gait kinematics was assessed using a DigiGait™ (Mouse Specifics Inc., Boston, MA) ventral plane treadmill videography before EAE onset (baseline) and at 10-30 days post transplantation (dpt), as previously described ( Eftaxiopoulou et al., 2014 ). Briefly, the treadmill speed was set at either 10 or 5 cm/sec (depending on each mouse fitness), and the gait of the mice was recorded.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophage-Derived Extracellular Succinate Licenses Neural Stem Cells to Suppress Chronic Neuroinflammation

et al. 2018

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SummaryNeural stem cell (NSC) transplantation can influence immune responses and suppress inflammation in the CNS. Metabolites, such as succinate, modulate the phenotype and function of immune cells, but whether and how NSCs are also activated by such immunometabolites to control immunoreactivity and inflammatory responses is unclear. Here, we show that transplanted somatic and directly induced NSCs ameliorate chronic CNS inflammation by reducing succinate levels in the cerebrospinal fluid, thereby decreasing mononuclear phagocyte (MP) infiltration and secondary CNS damage. Inflammatory MPs release succinate, which activates succinate receptor 1 (SUCNR1)/GPR91 on NSCs, leading them to secrete prostaglandin E2 and scavenge extracellular succinate with consequential anti-inflammatory effects. Thus, our work reveals an unexpected role for the succinate-SUCNR1 axis in somatic and directly induced NSCs, which controls the response of stem cells to inflammatory metabolic signals released by type 1 MPs in the chronically inflamed brain.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophage-Derived Extracellular Succinate Licenses Neural Stem Cells to Suppress Chronic Neuroinflammation

et al. 2018

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“…The most apparent changes after sciatic neurotmesis detected using the CatWalk were a reduced support base, a smaller contact area of the affected paw with the floor, and modified patterns of limb coordination (Deumens et al ., ), that mostly returned to normal values after a crush injury (Bozkurt et al ., ). Similar changes were reported using the DigiGait in rats with a temporary sciatic nerve block (Eftaxiopoulou et al ., ). DigiGait allows the SFI to be derived from the video‐captured foot images (Fig.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Function Recoverymentioning

confidence: 97%

Functional evaluation of peripheral nerve regeneration and target reinnervation in animal models: a critical overview

Navarro

2015

Eur J of Neuroscience

150

135

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Peripheral nerve injuries usually lead to severe loss of motor, sensory and autonomic functions in the patients. Due to the complex requirements for adequate axonal regeneration, functional recovery is often poorly achieved. Experimental models are useful to investigate the mechanisms related to axonal regeneration and tissue reinnervation, and to test new therapeutic strategies to improve functional recovery. Therefore, objective and reliable evaluation methods should be applied for the assessment of regeneration and function restitution after nerve injury in animal models. This review gives an overview of the most useful methods to assess nerve regeneration, target reinnervation and recovery of complex sensory and motor functions, their values and limitations. The selection of methods has to be adequate to the main objective of the research study, either enhancement of axonal regeneration, improving regeneration and reinnervation of target organs by different types of nerve fibres, or increasing recovery of complex sensory and motor functions. It is generally recommended to use more than one functional method for each purpose, and also to perform morphological studies of the injured nerve and the reinnervated targets.

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“…In vivo kinematics and ground reaction force (GRF) measurements were collected from the animals pre-operatively and then 6 and 14 weeks post operatively. 24 hours prior to data collection the animals were anaesthetized using inhalation anaesthesia (isoflurane 2% in O 2 ), shaved liberally around both hind limbs and then marked using a non toxic marker at the locations of the 5th metatarsal, lateral malleolus, lateral femoral epicondyle, greater trochantar and articular rim 39 . On the day of experimentation 3 mm reflective markers were attached to the animals at the pre-marked locations and they were made to traverse a 1.5 m long perspex enclosed walkway using Cheerios as an incentive.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tibial Osteotomy as a Mechanical Model of Primary Osteoarthritis in Rats

Britzman

Igah

Eftaxiopoulou

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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This study has presented the first purely biomechanical surgical model of osteoarthritis (OA) in rats, which could be more representative of the human primary disease than intra-articular techniques published previously. A surgical tibial osteotomy (TO) was used to induce degenerative cartilage changes in the medial knee of Sprague-Dawley rats. The presence of osteoarthritic changes in the medial knee compartment of the operated animals was evaluated histologically and through analysis of serum carboxy-terminal telepeptides of type II collagen (CTX-II). In-vivo biomechanical analyses were carried out using a musculoskeletal model of the rat hindlimb to evaluate the loading conditions in the knee pre and post-surgically. Qualitative and quantitative medial cartilage degeneration consistent with OA was found in the knees of the operated animals alongside elevated CTX-II levels and increased tibial compressive loading. The potential avoidance of joint inflammation post-surgically, the maintenance of internal joint biomechanics and the ability to quantify the alterations in joint loading should make this model of OA a better candidate for modeling primary forms of the disease in humans.

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Gait compensations in rats after a temporary nerve palsy quantified using temporo-spatial and kinematic parameters

Abstract: This more detailed method, employing both dynamic analysis and joint kinematics simultaneously, was found to be a reliable approach for the quantification of gait in rats.

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Macrophage-Derived Extracellular Succinate Licenses Neural Stem Cells to Suppress Chronic Neuroinflammation

Macrophage-Derived Extracellular Succinate Licenses Neural Stem Cells to Suppress Chronic Neuroinflammation

Functional evaluation of peripheral nerve regeneration and target reinnervation in animal models: a critical overview

Tibial Osteotomy as a Mechanical Model of Primary Osteoarthritis in Rats

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