Gait changes following direct versus contralateral strength training: A randomized controlled pilot study in individuals with multiple sclerosis

Manca, Andrea; Peruzzi, A.; Aiello, Elena; Cereatti, Andrea; Martinez, Gianluca; Deriu, Franca; Croce, Ugo Della

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.02.017

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Strength training with weights showed similar improvements to the present study. A study investigating direct and contralateral strength training in patients with multiple sclerosis for 6 weeks found 16.5% improvement in walking speed 30 , data very similar to the present study, which found a 17% improvement in walking speed. A recent study showed improvement in the walking speed after 24 weeks of strength training combined with cognitive exercises, corroborating the present findings in the 6-minute walk test 31 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effect of 12 weeks of aquatic strength training on individuals with multiple sclerosis

Scorcine

VERÍSSIMO

Couto

et al. 2022

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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RESUMO Antecedentes: Programas de exercícios físicos são recomendados para pacientes com esclerose múltipla. No entanto, são limitados os estudos que envolvem o treinamento aquático de força para a melhoria das capacidades funcionais. Objetivo: Investigar o efeito de um programa de treinamento aquático de força nas capacidades funcionais e nos níveis de força e fadiga de pessoas diagnosticadas com esclerose múltipla. Métodos: Foram selecionados 29 voluntários com esclerose múltipla. Todos os participantes realizaram uma bateria de testes, incluindo os de capacidades funcionais, nível de força e níveis de fadiga em dois momentos distintos: pré-intervenção e pós-intervenção. O programa de treinamento de força foi realizado durante 12 semanas. Foram utilizados exercícios de força localizados, com controle específico de carga de trabalho, que variou entre 50 e 90% do máximo, de acordo com a semana de treinamento. Para a análise estatística, optou-se por utilizar o teste t de Student na comparação ente os momentos pré- e pós-intervenção. Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram melhora significativa em todas as variáveis investigadas: teste de 6 min de caminhada (p=0,00); força mão dominante (p=0,02); força mão não dominante (p=0,00); levantar (p=0,00); sentar e levantar-se (p=0,00); subir 15 degraus (p=0,00); descer 15 degraus (p=0,00); calçar meias (p=0,00); gravidade da fadiga (p=0,01); impacto da fadiga (p=0,01). Conclusão: O treinamento aquático de força foi eficiente para melhorar as capacidades funcionais relacionadas à qualidade de vida de pacientes com esclerose múltipla.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effect of 12 weeks of aquatic strength training on individuals with multiple sclerosis

Scorcine

VERÍSSIMO

Couto

et al. 2022

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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“…Cross-education was deemed suitable to orthopedic conditions and sports injuries, which is consistent with promising data from orthopedic cohorts [41,42], even though other studies have reported no significant value in adding crosseducation to conventional rehabilitative programs [43,44]. Unexpectedly, no consensus was reached in either round (59-67%) regarding the potential use of cross-education for treating neurological patients, despite favorable findings in stroke survivors and people with multiple sclerosis [24][25][26][45][46][47][48][49]. This discrepancy between the results of the consensus and the literature may be partly explained by the lack of familiarity of many respondents with the neurological/neurorehabilitative literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Contralateral Effects of Unilateral Strength and Skill Training: Modified Delphi Consensus to Establish Key Aspects of Cross-Education

et al. 2020

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Background Cross-education refers to increased motor output (i.e., force generation, skill) of the opposite, untrained limb following a period of unilateral exercise training. Despite extensive research, several aspects of the transfer phenomenon remain controversial. Methods A modified two-round Delphi online survey was conducted among international experts to reach consensus on terminology, methodology, mechanisms of action, and translational potential of cross-education, and to provide a framework for future research. Results Through purposive sampling of the literature, we identified 56 noted experts in the field, of whom 32 completed the survey, and reached consensus (75% threshold) on 17 out of 27 items. Conclusion Our consensus-based recommendations for future studies are that (1) the term ‘cross-education’ should be adopted to refer to the transfer phenomenon, also specifying if transfer of strength or skill is meant; (2) functional magnetic resonance imaging, short-interval intracortical inhibition and interhemispheric inhibition appear to be promising tools to study the mechanisms of transfer; (3) strategies which maximize cross-education, such as high-intensity training, eccentric contractions, and mirror illusion, seem worth being included in the intervention plan; (4) study protocols should be designed to include at least 13–18 sessions or 4–6 weeks to produce functionally meaningful transfer of strength, and (5) cross-education could be considered as an adjuvant treatment particularly for unilateral orthopedic conditions and sports injuries. Additionally, a clear gap in views emerged between the research field and the purely clinical field. The present consensus statement clarifies relevant aspects of cross-education including neurophysiological, neuroanatomical, and methodological characteristics of the transfer phenomenon, and provides guidance on how to improve the quality and usability of future cross-education studies.

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“…Blickenstorfer et al [34], using functional magnetic resonance, demonstrated an activation of the contralateral primary motor cortex, premotor cortex, and cerebellum.Although most studies have investigated the phenomenon of cross-education in the area of strength, our research shows a cross-education effect on Tsk. Escamilla-Galindo et al [12] and Manca et al [35] state that the causes of the increase in temperature in the leg that is not exercised are not clear, since other parameters such as phospho-creatinekinase levels or electromyography (EMG), were not measured in their study in parallel with temperature.…”

Section: Cross-educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local and Contralateral Effects after the Application of Neuromuscular Electrostimulation in Lower Limbs

Benito-Martínez

Senovilla-Herguedas

Torre-Montero

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Neuromuscular electrostimulation (NMES) has been used mainly as a method to promote muscle strength, but its effects on improving blood flow are less well known. The aim of this study is to deepen the knowledge about the local and contralateral effects of the application of symmetric biphasic square currents on skin temperature (Tsk). An experimental pilot study was developed with a single study group consisting of 45 healthy subjects. Thermographic evaluations were recorded following the application of NMES to the anterior region of the thigh. The results showed an increase in the maximal Tsk of 0.67% in the anterior region of the thigh where the NMES was applied (p < 0.001) and an increase of 0.54% (p < 0.01) due to cross-education effects, which was higher when the NMES was applied on the dominant side (0.79%; p < 0.01). The duration of the effect was 20 min in the dominant leg and 10 min in the nondominant one. The application of a symmetrical biphasic current (8 Hz and 400 μs) creates an increase in the maximal Tsk at the local level. A temperature cross-education effect is produced, which is greater when the NMES is applied on the dominant side. This could be a useful noninvasive measurement tool in NMES treatments.

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Gait changes following direct versus contralateral strength training: A randomized controlled pilot study in individuals with multiple sclerosis

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Effect of 12 weeks of aquatic strength training on individuals with multiple sclerosis

Effect of 12 weeks of aquatic strength training on individuals with multiple sclerosis

Contralateral Effects of Unilateral Strength and Skill Training: Modified Delphi Consensus to Establish Key Aspects of Cross-Education

Local and Contralateral Effects after the Application of Neuromuscular Electrostimulation in Lower Limbs

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