Gait analysis of amputee people in limiting situations of daily living

Kinematic and biomimetic assessment of a hydraulic ankle/foot in level ground and camber walking

“…The ranges of change in the inversion/eversion angles were also similar to the observations from non-amputees. However, in another study, it was reported that the inversion/eversion angle changes in prosthetic ankles were much smaller than a non-amputee group on a 6° camber walkway or 10% camber walkway [8, 9]. One reason could be that the camber used in this research is less steep (2.5°) so that the requirement of ankle adaption is reduced.…”

“…Wirta et al first applied camber walking (where the slope is inclined laterally to the walking direction, also known as cross-slope or side-slope) in the assessment of six different types of prosthetic ankle-foot devices and the lack of side to side motion was reported to be a drawback of conventional single axis prosthetic ankle-foot devices [6]. More recently, research on camber walking has been carried out to evaluate a newly developed prosthetic ankle-foot system [7], to investigate the differences between physiological ankles and (unspecified) prosthetic ones [8, 9], and to study the gait strategies of amputees in stability-challenging environments [10–12]. It has been found by Villa et al that the (unspecified) prosthetic ankles/feet showed reduced inversion/eversion ankle angle on camber walking compared with non-amputees due to the lack of mobility in the frontal plane [8, 9].…”

“…More recently, research on camber walking has been carried out to evaluate a newly developed prosthetic ankle-foot system [7], to investigate the differences between physiological ankles and (unspecified) prosthetic ones [8, 9], and to study the gait strategies of amputees in stability-challenging environments [10–12]. It has been found by Villa et al that the (unspecified) prosthetic ankles/feet showed reduced inversion/eversion ankle angle on camber walking compared with non-amputees due to the lack of mobility in the frontal plane [8, 9]. Therefore tests on camber surface are needed in the assessment of hydraulic ankles/feet.…”