Gain ripple minimization in fiber Raman amplifiers based on variational method

A perturbation method for analysis of TDM-pumped fiber Raman amplifier

“…As it is expected, by increasing the number of pump wavelengths the optimal gain ripple of this case approaches to the one obtained by optimization of the gain ripple with respect to both pump powers and wavelength simultaneously. The signal amplification in TDM pumped FRA is a time dependent process and the steady state methods of conventional FRA [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] cannot be employed directly for analysis and design of TDM pumped FRAs. By neglecting the pump to pump interaction and using the time averaged pump powers the conventional FRA optimization methods such as those presented in references [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] can be employed for the time averaged steady state gain ripple minimization of the TDM pumped FRA.…”

“…The Picard iterative method is employed to investigate the steady state behavior of the conventional Raman amplifier and high power semiconductor amplifiers by previous authors [23][24][25]. Authors previously employed the variational and moment methods for minimization of the gain ripple in conventional FRAs [28][29][30]. In this paper a time dependent solution based on the Picard iterative method is presented and it is employed to minimize the gain ripple of the TDM fiber Raman amplifier.…”

Investigations on Multi Pumped Fiber Raman Amplifiers over WDM in Optical Communication System

“…The Gain flattening with broad gain bandwidth at the operating wavelength range of multi pumped fiber Raman amplifier is a challenge to the researchers [1,2]. So far research works reported deal with analysis and solution of Raman amplifier modeled equations [5]. While G. D. Podder et.…”