Gain, Feed Conversion and Carcass Traits of Swine Fed under Two Nutritional Regimes

Cunningham, P. J.; Socha, T. E.; Peo, E. R.; Mandigo, R. W.

doi:10.2527/jas1973.37175x

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The values were also higher than those reported for Celta pigs (38.0 ± 7.9 mm; a Spanish native breed adapted to the extensive production system) (Temperan et al, 2014). These results are not surprising since the Iberian is a local breed from the southwestern region of Spain with a distinct adipogenetic nature and shows a high subcutaneous adiposity, contributed to by their diet because as indicated by Cunningham et al (1973), pigs fed with a low-protein diet were fatter than pigs fed with a high-protein diet. These differences could be considered as a consequence of selection for growth efficiency of lean meat or fat.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

“…These differences could be considered as a consequence of selection for growth efficiency of lean meat or fat. The differences between breeds for back fat thickness remained when comparing the thickness / body weight ratio (mm kg −1 ): 0.379 mm kg −1 in our study vs. 0.177 to 0.298 (Cunningham et al, 1973) or 0.271 mm kg −1 (Moeller et al, 1998). However, some local breeds have values close to those found in our study: 0.327 mm kg −1 in Nero Siciliano (Pugliese et al, 2003), 0.363 mm kg −1 in Cinta Senese (Franci et al, 2005), 0.308 mm kg −1 in Casertana, and 0.359 mm kg −1 in Mora (Fortina et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

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Effects of gender and diet on back fat and loin area ultrasound measurements during the growth and final stage of fattening in Iberian pigs

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Reared in extensive parcels, 50 castrated or spayed Iberian pigs were fattened with conventional or high-oleic-concentrate diets to evaluate the effect of diet and sex on the measurements of the loin area depth, back fat thickness and its layers during the last 6 months before slaughter at eight time points in two anatomical locations by serial scans. The scan was the factor that had the greatest influence, followed by sex and diet. Back fat thickness at 10th rib level was higher than at 14th rib level. The thickness of the outer, middle and inner layers progressively increased over the study period. Throughout the experimental period, the differences between two successive scans of the M. longissimus area did not differ significantly, obtaining the lowest value at the third scan and the highest at the fifth scan. The ultrasound back fat depth was affected by sex, being greater in females and in animals with a high-oleic diet. Positive significant correlations were observed for measurements assessed. The R 2 values for the regression equations to estimate M. longissimus area were lower than the values found for the prediction of fat measurements, and they differed between sex and diet. The relative back fat growth was higher than M. longissimus area, not permitting the establishment of a similar growth pattern for fat and muscle. The sex and diet was taken into account in the predictive models. The subcutaneous adipose layers in Iberian pigs grow at different rates during the last 6 months before slaughter; with the ultrasound serial scan, it is possible to show these changes. The change in diet and the sex affect the adipose tissue development, being more noticeable in the middle layer of back fat at 10th rib level and the inner layer at 14th rib level. However, the sex and the use of an enriched oleic acid diet do not affect to loin development. As the middle layer of back fat shows more growth, this layer could be the best to be included in predictive models. The middle layer of back fat could also be good to be included in predictive models. Back fat thickness at the eighth scan can be predicted with moderate accuracy from corresponding measurements taken 30 days earlier and with less accuracy as the interval between measurements increases.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Effects of gender and diet on back fat and loin area ultrasound measurements during the growth and final stage of fattening in Iberian pigs

et al. 2017

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“…Also, daily intake of protein and essential amino acids was further reduced in the gilts fed the HLC diet compared to those fed the 14% protein CS diet as evident by the reduced feed intake (1.77 vs. 2.06 kg/day) of littermate gilts fed for carcass evaluation (Cunningham et al, 1973).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Diet differences (P< .01) existed for gain, probe backfat and index. Gilts fed the HLC diet grew more slowly and were fatter, indicating a slower rate of lean growth (Cunningham et al, 1973).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Nutritional Regime on Age at Puberty in Gilts

Cunningham

Naber

Zimmerman

et al. 1974

Journal of Animal Science

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SummaryAge at puberty was determined for 205 Gene Pool gilts; 68 fed a 10% protein diet (HLC) consisting of high-lysine corn, minerals and vitamins and 137 fed a 14% protein corn soybeam meal diet (CS). Gilts fed the CS diet reached puberty 18.7 days earlier than gilts fed the HLC diet. Use of postweaning daily gain as a covariable reduced the difference between diets to 9 days. The pooled within diet regression of age at puberty on post-weaning gain was -22.75 days per kilogram. The correlation between pubertal age and daily gain was significantly higher on the HLC diet (-.30 vs. -.57; P < .025) but the regressions for the two diets did not differ significantly (-26.0 vs. -18.4 days per kilogram).Daughter-dam regressions were calculated for each diet separately. The coefficient for the 14% protein diet (0.32) was significantly higher than for the 10%protein diet (-.14)indicating the existence of a genotype-environment interaction.

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“…The small reduction in carcass length in pigs fed high lysine corn is probably of little biological significance. Cunningham et al (1973) found shorter carcasses from boars fed a 10% protein, high lysine corn diet than from boars fed a 14% protein, normal corn-soybean meal diet, but not with barrows or gilts. The lack of difference between corn types for all other carcass criteria is in agreement with data reported by Veum et al (1973) and Volz et al (1975).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nutritional Value of Normal and High Lysine Corns for Weanling and Growing-Finishing Swine when Fed at Four Lysine Levels

Asche

Lewis

Peo

et al. 1985

Journal of Animal Science

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SummaryOne-hundred-ninety-two weanling pigs from two separate trials, (initial weight 6.0 and 5.6 kg) and 400 growing-finishing pigs (initial weight 17 kg) were fed normal and high lysine corn diets containing four levels of lysine in a 2 • 4 factorial arrangement. Crossbred (Large White • Landrace x Duroc) pigs were used in all experiments. The objectives of the experiments were to (1) compare normal and high lysine corn when fed at different lysine levels, (2) determine the lysine requirements for the three stages of growth and (3) evaluate the effect of protein level on the lysine requirement. All diets were balanced on a lysine basis. The results indicated that both weanling and growingfinishing pig performance and final carcass composition were similar for pigs fed normal or high lysine corn diets balanced on a lysine basis. Weanling pigs from 5 to 14 kg required at least 1.10% lysine. Based on changes in body weight gain and feed efficiency, the lysine requirement of growing pigs (17 to 54 kg) was .70%, and that of finishing pigs (54 to 101 kg) was .50%. However, based on lean tissue growth rate (as reflected by longissimus muscle area and percentage of lean in the carcass) the requirement was at least .

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Gain, Feed Conversion and Carcass Traits of Swine Fed under Two Nutritional Regimes

Cited by 17 publications

References 10 publications

Effects of gender and diet on back fat and loin area ultrasound measurements during the growth and final stage of fattening in Iberian pigs

Effects of gender and diet on back fat and loin area ultrasound measurements during the growth and final stage of fattening in Iberian pigs

Influence of Nutritional Regime on Age at Puberty in Gilts

The Nutritional Value of Normal and High Lysine Corns for Weanling and Growing-Finishing Swine when Fed at Four Lysine Levels

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