Gain enhancement of triple‐band patch antenna by using triple‐band artificial magnetic conductor

Abstract

A microstrip line fed rectangular patch antenna with slots in the patch radiator is designed to realise triple resonant frequencies with satisfactory impedance matching (|S11|≤−10 dB) at 3.36, 5.96, and 9.09 GHz. Current distribution analysis is presented to provide an insight to the mechanism of triple resonance generation. A triple‐band artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) is designed and analysed based on resonance phenomenon of stepped impedance resonators. The resonant frequencies of the AMC coincide with the antenna. A rectangular split‐ring slot is embedded in the metallic ground of the antenna. The designed AMC is placed beneath the antenna maintaining an air gap between the structures. The slot in the ground plane enables the surface waves to interact with the AMC. The proposed arrangement enhances the gain from 1.38 to 3.77 dBi at 3.36 GHz, 3.22 to 6.29 dBi at 5.96 GHz, and 7.58 to 11.16 dBi at 9.09 GHz. The proposed structure exhibits good radiation patterns with low cross‐polarisation and high front to back ratio at all the three resonant frequencies. A prototype of the proposed structure is fabricated and the measured results are in good agreement with the simulated results.

Multi-Band and High Gain Antenna Using AMC Ground Characterized With Four Zero-Phases of Reflection Coefficient

“…It is noticed that the presented AMC structure is characterized with the four zero-phases in the reflection coefficient. This AMCbacked antenna exhibits the maximum gain enhancement and possesses three largest relative frequency bandwidths in comparison to other tri-band AMC-backed antennas [26], [28]. Meanwhile, the size of the presented AMC-backed antenna is smaller than the works reported in [12]- [15], and [26].…”

Application of metamaterials for performance enhancement of planar antennas: A review

“…This problem even becomes more severe for a multiband antenna especially in lower frequency bands . In this regard, however, metamaterial antennas become the alternative candidates for different communication bands to improve antenna performance characteristics by using metamaterial units as a load on/near the patch, loading/etching from the ground plane, integrating inside the substrate, or making them as superstrate …”

“…The patch antenna's front and back sides and gain enhancement using the AMC structure are shown in Figure 13A-C, respectively. AMC formed from an array of modified H-shaped units located at the back of a triple-band antenna substrate 109 improved the gain by 2.39, 3.07, and 3.58 dBi at corresponding frequencies of 3.36, 5.96, and 9.09 GHz. A patch antenna resonating at 6.4 GHz 110 has been with a fractal grid of AMC metamaterial layer ground to improve the gain by 4 dB and widen the operating frequency in the range of 5.1 to 7.4 GHz.…”

Multi-Band Printed Antenna for Portable Wireless Communication Applications

“…A simple antenna with E-and L-shaped radiators is reported in [4] for generating dual bands for WLAN applications. An efficient multiband antenna is reported in [5] in which artificial magnetic conductor is used for gain enhancement while slots in the main radiator produce multiple bands. In [6], a fan-shaped radiator along with a parasitic circular patch produces three distinct resonant bands at WLAN and WiMAX ranges.…”

“…A rectangular dielectric resonator antenna with a combination of the radiating slot is used for multiple band operation in [13]. The reported antennas [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] operate well at the resonant frequencies; however, the modern wireless communication system requires components with characteristics of independent resonance control.…”