Gain enhancement of a printed leaf shaped UWB antenna using dual FSS layers and experimental study for ground coupling GPR applications

Abstract

A printed leaf shaped compact (40 mm × 30 mm × 0.8 mm) UWB antenna added with dual frequency selective surfaces (FSS) of dimension 44 mm × 44 mm × 1.6 mm is proposed. The FSS layers having 4 × 4 array in each can provide maximum gain of 8.7 dBi and gain enhancement by 2–4.5 dBi in the antenna bandwidth of 3–14.64 GHz. The proposed design also ensures maximum radiation in the broadside direction with average radiation efficiency of 85%. The antenna bandwidth and group delay responses were measured in close proximity of soil test bed for varying test bed thicknesses. Relative bandwidth of more than 114% with non‐varying group delay response ensure the ability of proposed antenna to work for ground coupling ground penetrating radar applications.

High gain CPW‐fed UWB planar monopole antenna‐based compact uniplanar frequency selective surface for microwave imaging

“…Two layers of FSSs were proposed in Refs. with a nonlinear reflection coefficient phase, while others looked into linear falling reflection coefficient phase in dual‐plane FSSs, except in Ref. , where the reflection coefficient phase was ignored.…”

“…The multilayer FSSs to date reported to attain UWB bandwidth reflection . Nonetheless, only a handful of studies had assessed the linear falling reflection coefficient phase of FSSs for UDR UWB antenna .…”

“…In fact, the broad stop‐band FSS should be relatively large in size due to the low inductive effect and the lower operation bandwidth. The smallest FSS unit cell on FR4 substrate in the literature was reported by Kundu with a size of 0.108λ × 0.108λ to realize the UWB bandwidth reflector with two‐layer FSS, where λ corresponded to the free space wavelength of the lower operation frequency with a transmission coefficient lower than −10 dB. To the best of the author's knowledge, a uniplanar compact‐size low‐cost FSS that led to linear decreasing reflection coefficient phase of UWB stop response has not been reported in the literature.…”

Experimental study of a printed ultra‐wideband modified circular monopole antenna

“…Design of transmitting and receiving antennae for UWB radio demands to match some special requirements such as very wide impedance band, flat gain, high radiation efficiency, light weight, and compact size . The antenna also needs to be nondispersive in nature . Liang et al proposed a printed circular disk monopole (CDM) antenna of dimension 50 × 42 × 0.3 mm 3 in Reference , which can provide wide impedance band of 2.8 to 9.85 GHz with very poor gain response up to 6 GHz.…”

Design of a high‐gain wideband antenna using double‐layer metasurface

“…Also, gain enhancement in Refs. has been obtained by dual FSS layers and metamaterial structure, respectively. Despite wide frequency bandwidth characteristics provided in Refs.…”