Gain determination of optical active doped planar waveguides

Šmejcký, J.; Jeřábek, V.; Nekvindová, Pavla

doi:10.1117/12.2294030

“…Although this technique requires larger precautions for the operator safety in comparison with that performed in air (O 2 ), this thermal post-process favours the formation of both glass-metal nanocomposite (GMN) species within the glass and metal island film (MIF) on the glass surface due to the out-diffusion mechanism of the noble metal atoms as a result of the hydrogen penetration into the glass [161]. However, under particular conditions relating to hydrogen processing, it is possible to favour the formation of MIF species on the glass surface by minimizing that of GMN within the host material, as well reported in the works of A. Lipovskii and collaborators, to which we refer for more details [162][163][164]. In brief, the authors employed a thermal poling technique, through the use of a suitably shaped anodic electrode applied to the ion-exchanged silicate glass sample, in order to modify the distribution of noble metal ions (e.g., Ag + ) and thus control the formation of the metal nanoislands by means of a soft thermal annealing step in a hydrogen atmosphere.…”

Section: Thermal Annealing In H 2 Controlled Atmospherementioning

confidence: 89%

“…A broad review on Er-Yb laser and amplifiers, covering both the photoluminescence issues and the various materials and technologies, was published in 2011 by Bradley and Pollnau [180]. In the last years, owing to the fact that Er-Yb co-doped ion-exchanged waveguides and devices in silicate and phosphate glasses constitute a mature technology, only very few papers have been published, including some ones related to up-down frequency conversion with application to lighting and solar cells [164,[181][182][183][184]. The main research focus has been shifted toward technological platforms that could allow integration with silicon and compatibility with CMOS technology; thus, rare-earth doped aluminum oxide has emerged as a new excellent material.…”

Section: Ion-exchanged Active Integrated Photonic Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion-exchange in Glasses and Crystals: from Theory to Applications

2021

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“…A broad review on Er-Yb laser and amplifiers, covering both the photoluminescence issues and the various materials and technologies, was published in 2011 by Bradley and Pollnau [180]. In the last years, owing to the fact that Er-Yb co-doped ion-exchanged waveguides and devices in silicate and phosphate glasses constitute a mature technology, only very few papers have been published, including some ones related to up-down frequency conversion with application to lighting and solar cells [164,[181][182][183][184]. The main research focus has been shifted toward technological platforms that could allow integration with silicon and compatibility with CMOS technology; thus, rare-earth doped aluminum oxide has emerged as a new excellent material.…”

Section: Ion-exchanged Active Integrated Photonic Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active and Quantum Integrated Photonic Elements by Ion Exchange in Glass

Righini

¹

,

Liñares

²

2021

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Ion exchange in glass has a long history as a simple and effective technology to produce gradient-index structures and has been largely exploited in industry and in research laboratories. In particular, ion-exchanged waveguide technology has served as an excellent platform for theoretical and experimental studies on integrated optical circuits, with successful applications in optical communications, optical processing and optical sensing. It should not be forgotten that the ion-exchange process can be exploited in crystalline materials, too, and several crucial devices, such as optical modulators and frequency doublers, have been fabricated by ion exchange in lithium niobate. Here, however, we are concerned only with glass material, and a brief review is presented of the main aspects of optical waveguides and passive and active integrated optical elements, as directional couplers, waveguide gratings, integrated optical amplifiers and lasers, all fabricated by ion exchange in glass. Then, some promising research activities on ion-exchanged glass integrated photonic devices, and in particular quantum devices (quantum circuits), are analyzed. An emerging type of passive and/or reconfigurable devices for quantum cryptography or even for specific quantum processing tasks are presently gaining an increasing interest in integrated photonics; accordingly, we propose their implementation by using ion-exchanged glass waveguides, also foreseeing their integration with ion-exchanged glass lasers.

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Differential Gain Comparison of Optical Planar Amplifier on Silica Glasses Doped with Bi-Ge and Er, Yb Ions

Šmejcký¹,

Jeřábek²

2020

J. Mater. Sci. Technol. Res.

0

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The paper presents the measurement and calculation of the optical amplifier gain and the optimal length of the active optical amplifier waveguide doped with Bi-Ge radiation complexes compared to an optical amplifier with active doping with ions Er3+, Yb3+. At present are using optical amplifiers for the high-capacity optical communication systems in the narrow spectral region of 1530–1560 nm, determined by the gain bandwidth of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) or erbium-doped optical planar amplifiers (EDPA) realized as active planar waveguides in the optical integrated circuits technique. However, it is possible increase wavelength region up to 1610 nm, where optical losses of telecommunication fibers are less than 0.3 dB per km, if appropriate amplifiers are available. In this regard, the development of novel optical amplifiers operating in this spectral region have of great importance. The paper summarizes the results measurement of the attenuation and emission spectra for net gain spectra calculation of the new ion exchange Ag+ – Na+ optical Er3+ and Yb3+ doped active planar waveguides realized on silica glass substrates and parameters of novel optical amplifiers for extension of the bandwidth from 1530 to 1610 nm doped by bismuth – erbium ions.

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Gain determination of optical active doped planar waveguides

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Ion-exchange in Glasses and Crystals: from Theory to Applications

Ion-exchange in Glasses and Crystals: from Theory to Applications

Active and Quantum Integrated Photonic Elements by Ion Exchange in Glass

Differential Gain Comparison of Optical Planar Amplifier on Silica Glasses Doped with Bi-Ge and Er, Yb Ions

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