Gafchromic EBT film dosimetry in proton beams

Zhao, Li; Das, Indra J.

doi:10.1088/0031-9155/55/10/n04

Cited by 122 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…There have been several investigations considering radiochromic films as a dosimetric tool in proton therapy (Kirby et al 2010, Zhao and Das 2010, Angellier et al 2011. These studies show an under-response of EBT film at the Bragg peak, which suggest a film response dependence on LET.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dosimetry of very high energy electrons (VHEE) for radiotherapy applications: using radiochromic film measurements and Monte Carlo simulations

Subiel¹,

Moskvin²,

Welsh³

et al. 2014

Phys. Med. Biol.

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Very high energy electrons (VHEE) in the range from 100-250 MeV have the potential of becoming an alternative modality in radiotherapy because of their improved dosimetry properties compared with MV photons from contemporary medical linear accelerators. Due to the need for accurate dosimetry of small field size VHEE beams we have performed dose measurements using EBT2 Gafchromic® film. Calibration of the film has been carried out for beams of two different energy ranges: 20 MeV and 165 MeV from conventional radio frequency linear accelerators. In addition, EBT2 film has been used for dose measurements with 135 MeV electron beams produced by a laser-plasma wakefield accelerator. The dose response measurements and percentage depth dose profiles have been compared with calculations carried out using the general-purpose FLUKA Monte Carlo (MC) radiation transport code. The impact of induced radioactivity on film response for VHEEs has been evaluated using the MC simulations. A neutron yield of the order of 10 −5 neutrons cm −2 per incident electron has been estimated and induced activity due to radionuclide production is found to have a negligible effect on total dose deposition and film response. Neutron and proton contribution to the equivalent doses are negligible for VHEE. The study demonstrates that EBT2 Gafchromic film is a reliable dosimeter that can be used for dosimetry of VHEE. The results indicate an energy-independent response of the dosimeter for 20 MeV and 165 MeV electron beams and has been found to be suitable for dosimetry of VHEE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dosimetry of very high energy electrons (VHEE) for radiotherapy applications: using radiochromic film measurements and Monte Carlo simulations

Subiel¹,

Moskvin²,

Welsh³

et al. 2014

Phys. Med. Biol.

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“…Considering that the thin (0.28 mm) radiation sensitive component of EBT3 film does not have good tissue equivalence and also to avoid artifacts due to possible thin air gaps, the phantom was settled with a pitch of 3°with respect to the beam direction, obtained by tilting the treatment table itself. The choice of the pitch angle has been made according to the results of the experiment described by Zhao and Das (2010). A sketch of the irradiation configuration is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Film Irradiation and Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of 2D distributions of absorbed dose in protontherapy with Gafchromic EBT3 films

Gambarini

Regazzoni

Artuso

et al. 2015

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

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“…The dosimetric properties in clinical low energy proton beams of PFD diode and EBT2 films are well documented [12,27].…”

Section: Detectors and Measurement Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dosimetric characterization of a synthetic single crystal diamond detector in a clinical 62 MeV ocular therapy proton beam

Marinelli¹,

Pompili²,

Prestopino³

et al. 2014

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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a b s t r a c tA synthetic single crystal diamond based Schottky photodiode was tested at INFN-LNS on the proton beam line (62 MeV) dedicated to the radiation treatment of ocular disease. The diamond detector response was studied in terms of pre-irradiation dose, linearity with dose and dose rate, and angular dependence. Depth dose curves were measured for the 62 MeV pristine proton beam and for three unmodulated range-shifted proton beams; furthermore, the spread-out Bragg peak was measured for a modulated therapeutic proton beam. Beam parameters, recommended by the ICRU report 78, were evaluated to analyze depth-dose curves from diamond detector. Measured dose distributions were compared with the corresponding dose distributions acquired with reference plane-parallel ionization chambers. Field size dependence of the output factor (dose per monitor unit) in a therapeutic modulated proton beam was measured with the diamond detector over the range of ocular proton therapy collimator diameters (5-30 mm). Output factors measured with the diamond detector were compared to the ones by a Markus ionization chamber, a Scanditronix Hi-p Si stereotactic diode and a radiochromic EBT2 film. Signal stability within 0.5% was demonstrated for the diamond detector with no need of any pre-irradiation dose. Dose and dose rate dependence of the diamond response was measured: deviations from linearity resulted to be within 70.5% over the investigated ranges of 0.5-40.0 Gy and 0.3-30.0 Gy/min respectively. Output factors from diamond detector measured with the smallest collimator (5 mm in diameter) showed a maximum deviation of about 3% with respect to the high resolution radiochromic EBT2 film. Depth-dose curves measured by diamond for unmodulated and modulated beams were in good agreement with those from the reference plane-parallel Markus chamber, with relative differences lower than 7 1% in peak-to-plateau ratios, well within experimental uncertainties. A 2.5% variation in diamond detector response was observed in angular dependence measurements carried-out by varying the proton beam incidence angle in the polar direction. The dosimetric characterization of the tested synthetic single crystal diamond detector clearly indicates its suitability for relative dosimetry in ocular therapy proton beams, with no need of any correction factors accounting for dose rate and linear energy transfer dependence.

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Gafchromic EBT film dosimetry in proton beams

Cited by 122 publications

References 12 publications

Dosimetry of very high energy electrons (VHEE) for radiotherapy applications: using radiochromic film measurements and Monte Carlo simulations

Dosimetry of very high energy electrons (VHEE) for radiotherapy applications: using radiochromic film measurements and Monte Carlo simulations

Measurements of 2D distributions of absorbed dose in protontherapy with Gafchromic EBT3 films

Dosimetric characterization of a synthetic single crystal diamond detector in a clinical 62 MeV ocular therapy proton beam

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