Gadus morhua Eggs Sialoglycoprotein Prevent Estrogen Deficiency-Induced High Bone Turnover by Controlling OPG/RANKL/TRAF6 Pathway and Serum Metabolism

Abstract

In recent years, the development of safe and effective anti-osteoporosis factors has attracted extensive attention. In this study, an estrogen-deficient osteoporosis rat model was employed to study the improving mechanism of sialoglycoprotein isolated from Gadus morhua eggs (Gds) against osteoporosis. The results showed that compared with OVX, Gds ameliorated the trabecular microstructure, especially the increased trabecular thickness, decreased trabecular separation, and enhanced the trabecular number. The analysis of qRT-PCR and western blotting found that Gds reduced bone resorption by inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. The LC-MS/MS was used to investigate serum metabolism, and the enrichment metabolites were analyzed by the KEGG pathway. The results revealed that the Gds significantly altered the fat anabolism pathway, which includes ovarian steroidogenesis pathway and arachidonic acid metabolism pathway. Altogether, Gds could improve osteoporosis by suppressing high bone turnover via controlling OPG/RANKL/TRAF6 pathway, which is implicated with ovarian steroidogenesis pathway and arachidonic acid metabolism pathway. These findings indicated that Gds could be a candidate factor for anti-osteoporosis.

Protective Effect of Polyphenols Purified from Mallotus oblongfolius on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury by Regulating Nrf2 and MAPKs Pathways

“…All kits were operated according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Relative gene expression was standardized to GAPDH by the 2 −ΔΔCT method [ 20 , 21 ]. The relevant primers information is supplemented in the additional document ( Supplementary Table S1 ).…”

Structural Characterization and Anti-Osteoporosis Effects of a Novel Sialoglycopeptide from Tuna Eggs

“…Xia et al reported that sialoglycoproteins isolated from the eggs of Carassius auratus exhibited anti-osteoporotic activity through increasing the OPG/RANKL ratio [12]. Zhao et al reported that Gadus morhua eggs' sialoglycoprotein prevents high bone turnover by controlling the OPG/RANKL/TRAF6 pathway [14].…”

“…Moreover, the structure of sialoglycoprotein/sialoglycopeptide was distinguished between the various fish species, showing the specific carbohydrate chain, peptide chain, glycopeptides bone, and the kinds of sialic acids. Several studies also proved that sialoglycoprotein/sialoglycopeptide from fish eggs exhibited anti-osteoporosis activities [12,14].…”

Myosin heavy chain-derived peptide ofGadus morhuapromotes proliferation and differentiation in osteoblasts and bone formation and maintains bone homeostasis in ovariectomized mice

“…Previous studies have reported that G. morhua eggs could reduce bone resorption, increase the bone turnover rate, and effectively improve osteoporosis through the OPG/RANKL signaling pathway. 7 Hei et al isolated a novel sialoglycopeptide from G. morhua eggs that could significantly raise the proliferation activity of MC3T3-E1 cells, increase the content of phosphorus and calcium in rat tibia, and promote longitudinal bone formation in vivo . 8 Our previous results showed that G. morhua peptide (GMP) could inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclast activity and reduce the occurrence of bone resorption, showing strong anti-osteoporotic activity in vivo .…”