Gadolinium Containing Contrast Agents for Pulmonary Ventilation Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Haage, Patrick; Karaagac, Süleyman; Adam, Gerhard; Spüntrup, Elmar; Pfeffer, Joachim; Günther, Rolf W.

doi:10.1097/00004424-200203000-00004

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…There was progressive increase in SI over time. These results are comparable to those reported in ventilated animal and human adults in whom variable increases in SI over the lungs have been reported at 10 -30 min (ranging from 22 to 216%) (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)30). The greater variability in SI changes over the left lung compared with the right reflects difficulty in accurately measuring SI because a large portion of the left hemithorax is occupied by the heart.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Aerosol Delivery in Ventilated Newborn Pigs: An MRI Evaluation

et al. 2008

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Pulmonary deposition of inhaled drugs in ventilated neonates has not been studied in vivo. The objective of this study was to evaluate pulmonary delivery of gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) following nebulization in ventilated piglets using magnetic resonance imaging. Seven ventilated piglets (5 Ϯ 2 d old, weight 1.8 Ϯ 0.5 kg) were scanned in the Bruker/Siemens 4T magnetic resonance scanner using T1 weighted spin-echo sequence. Aerosols of Gd-DTPA were generated continuously using the MiniHeart jet nebulizer. Breath-hold coronal images were obtained before and every 10 min during aerosolized Gd-DTPA for 90 min. Signal intensity (SI) changes over the lungs, kidneys, liver, skeletal muscle, and heart were evaluated. A significant increase in SI was observed in the lungs, kidney, and liver at 10, 20, and 40 min respectively after start of aerosol. At the end of 90 min, the SI increased by 95%, 101%, and 426% over the right lung, left lung, and kidney, respectively. A much smaller increase in SI was observed over the liver. In conclusion, we have demonstrated effective pulmonary aerosol delivery within 10 min of contrast nebulization in ventilated piglets. Contrast visualization in the kidneys within 20 min of aerosol initiation reflects alveolar absorption, glomerular filtration and renal concentration. (Pediatr Res 64: 159-164, 2008)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Aerosol Delivery in Ventilated Newborn Pigs: An MRI Evaluation

et al. 2008

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“…There have been individual studies on the detection of pulmonary metastases, on the evaluation of the activity of inflammatory parenchymal diseases of the lung, on MR angiography of pulmonary vessels and on pulmonary perfusion and ventilation using a wide range of different MRI techniques, including gradient echo sequences, successfully [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. However, all of these examinations were performed at field strengths of 1.5 T or lower.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung MRI at 3.0 T: a comparison of helical CT and high-field MRI in the detection of diffuse lung disease

et al. 2004

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lung using a T2-weighted fast-spin echo (TSE) sequence. Comparison was made with helical computed tomography CT findings in patients with diffuse pulmonary diseases. Prospective segment-wise analysis of high-field MR imaging findings in 15 patients with diffuse pulmonary diseases was made using helical CT and HRCT as the standard of reference. The MR studies were performed on a 3.0-T whole body system (Intera 3T, Philips Medical Systems) using a T2w TSE sequence with respiratory and cardiac gating (TE 80 ms TR 1,500-2,500 ms; turbo factor 17; 22 slices with 7/2-mm slice thickness and gap; 256x192 matrix). MR artifacts were graded on a three-point scale (low, moderate, high). Lung MR studies were prospectively analyzed segment-by-segment and diagnosed as healthy or pathological; results were compared with helical CT findings. In all 15 patients, MR imaging of the lung was successful. All 15 MR studies were compromised by artifacts; however, the severity of these artifacts was classified as low or moderate in 8/15, respectively, 7/15 cases. A total of 143/285 lung segments showed diffuse lung disease in helical CT. With MRI, 133 of these 143 segments (93%) were judged to be diseased. The ten segments that received false negative MR diagnoses displayed non-acute pulmonary lesions with inherently low proton density (scars, granulomas). MRI at 3.0 T can detect diffuse pulmonary disease with a high sensitivity. Based on this experience, further pulmonary studies with high-field systems appear justified and promising.

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“…As an alternative, investigations have been made to use commercially available gadolinium chelates in aerosolized form as a contrast agent. Initial results showed promising results with regard to efficiency, safety and reproducibility [9][10][11][12][13]. The aim of this paper is to review the current status of lung ventilation imaging with the novel technique MRI ventilation scanning using aerosolized GD-DTPA.…”

Section: Clinical Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For rapid aerosol delivery primary prerequisites are low viscosity, small droplet size and high molar gadolinium concentration [11]. Viscosity is characterized as the resistance of a fluid flow, which acts against the motion of any solid object through the fluid, and against motion of the fluid itself beyond stationary obstacles.…”

Section: Challenges With the Use Of Gd-dtpamentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status of Lung Ventilation Imaging with Magnetic Resonance Ventilation Scanning Using Aerosolized Contrast Agents

Das¹,

Günther²,

Haage

2008

CRMR

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Chronic respiratory diseases are one of the leading causes of death and morbidity. Therefore the assessment of regional and global ventilation distribution together with pulmonary perfusion imaging becomes more and more important. To date either radionuclide ventilation scintigraphy or high-resolution computed tomography (HR-CT) are used for ventilation assessment and pulmonary parenchyma analysis. But scintigraphy lacks spatial and temporal resolution while HR-CT applies radiation and lacks functional analysis. Over the last years Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lung has evolved by using aerosolized contrast agents. MRI offers morphological and functional information and does not apply radiation dose. Approaches to use hyperpolarized gases like Xenon and Helium have been made, but these gases are complex and expensive to produce and use. Lately the use of widely available contrast agents like gadolinium chelates has been investigated. As no special MR hardware is needed and gadolinium is straightforward to apply this new method yields promising results for the future. This review is to give an overview about current developments and methods in Gadolinium-enhanced MR ventilation.

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Gadolinium Containing Contrast Agents for Pulmonary Ventilation Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Cited by 20 publications

References 19 publications

Aerosol Delivery in Ventilated Newborn Pigs: An MRI Evaluation

Aerosol Delivery in Ventilated Newborn Pigs: An MRI Evaluation

Lung MRI at 3.0 T: a comparison of helical CT and high-field MRI in the detection of diffuse lung disease

Current Status of Lung Ventilation Imaging with Magnetic Resonance Ventilation Scanning Using Aerosolized Contrast Agents

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