Gabrielse<i>et al.</i>Reply:

Gabrielse, Gerald; Bowden, N. S.; Oxley, Paul; Speck, A.; Storry, C. H.; Tan, Joseph N.; Wessels, M.; Grzonka, D.; Oelert, W.; Schepers, G.; Sefzick, T.; Walz, J.; Pittner, Heiko; Hänsch, Theodor W.; Hessels, E. A.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.92.149304

Cited by 80 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This followed on from several years preparatory work by the ATHENA project (ApparaTus for High precision Experiments on Neutral Antimatter), Charlton et al [191] and Holzscheiter et al [192,193], and the competing ATRAP (Antihydrogen TRAP) project of Gabrielse et al [194]. The most recent results obtained by ATRAP are described by Gabrielse et al [195]. Now that cold H atoms have been prepared, it should be possible to trap H at a sufficiently low temperature that the laboratory frame is essentially is essentially its rest frame.…”

Section: Antihydrogen Atomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of few-charge systems in quantum mechanics

2005

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We consider non-relativistic systems in quantum mechanics interacting through the Coulomb potential, and discuss the existence of bound states which are stable against spontaneous dissociation into smaller atoms or ions. We review the studies that have been made of specific mass configurations and also the properties of the domain of stability in the space of masses or inverse masses. These rigorous results are supplemented by numerical investigations using accurate variational methods. A section is devoted to systems of three arbitrary charges and another to molecules in a world with two space-dimensions.

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Section: Antihydrogen Atomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of few-charge systems in quantum mechanics

2005

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“…1 A nested Penning trap can confine oppositely signed plasma species by producing oppositely signed nested electric potential wells along a magnetic field. [2][3][4][5][6][7] Nested Penning traps have been used to trap antiprotons and positrons with overlapping confinement volumes, such that antihydrogen production occurs, [8][9][10][11][12] and antihydrogen trapping is possible. 11,12 The production of low energy antihydrogen using a method that requires positronium has also been demonstrated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of an aperture-based antihydrogen gravity experiment

Ordonez

Hedlof

2012

AIP Advances

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A Monte Carlo simulation is presented of an experiment that could potentially determine whether antihydrogen accelerates vertically up or down as a result of earth's gravity. The experiment would rely on methods developed by existing antihydrogen research collaborations and would employ a Penning trap for the production of antihydrogen within a uniform magnetic field. The axis of symmetry of the cylindrical trap wall would be oriented horizontally, and an axisymmetric aperture (with an inner radius that is smaller than the cylindrical trap wall radius) would be present a short distance away from the antihydrogen production region. Antihydrogen annihilations that occur along the cylindrical trap wall would be detected by the experiment. The distribution of annihilations along the wall would vary near the aperture, because some antihydrogen that would otherwise annihilate at the wall would instead annihilate on the aperture. That is, a shadow region forms behind the aperture, and the distribution of annihilations near the boundary of the shadow region is not azimuthally symmetric when the effect of gravity is significant. The Monte Carlo simulation is used together with analytical modeling to determine conditions under which the annihilation distribution would indicate the direction of the acceleration of antihydrogen due to gravity

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“…Therefore, this geometry has become very popular in recent years and is widely used at various Penning trap experiments like high-precision mass measurements, see e.g. [1,2] and references therein, g-factor measurements of the bound electron and the proton [17] as well as the free electron and the positron [18], cooling of highly charged ions [19] or the capture of anti-protons [20] and for the production of anti-hydrogen [21,22]. If very high frequency resolution has to be achieved, it is essential that the electrostatic potential is harmonic along the trap axis to ensure that the axial frequency is independent of the energy of the ion.…”

Section: Cylindrical Penning Trapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The trap design of PENTATRAP

et al. 2011

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A novel Penning trap tower consisting of five compensated cylindrical Penning traps is developed for the PENTATRAP mass spectrometer at the MaxPlanck-Institut für Kernphysik in Heidelberg, Germany. An analytical expression for the electrostatic potential inside the trap tower is derived to calculate standard Penning trap properties like the compensation of anharmonicities and an orthogonal geometry of the trap electrodes. Since the PENTATRAP project described in the preceding article aims for ultra high-precision massratio measurements of highly charged ions up to uranium, systematic effects for highly charged ions inside the trap tower are considered for the design process as well. Finally, a limit due to remaining anharmonic shifts at large amplitudes is estimated for the resulting geometry, which is important for phase-sensitive measurements of the reduced cyclotron frequency of the ions.

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Gabrielseet al.Reply:

Cited by 80 publications

References 8 publications

Stability of few-charge systems in quantum mechanics

Stability of few-charge systems in quantum mechanics

Simulation of an aperture-based antihydrogen gravity experiment

The trap design of PENTATRAP

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