Gabapentin-induced modulation of interictal epileptiform activity related to different vigilance levels

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Single-Dose, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter, Polysomnographic Study of Gabapentin in Transient Insomnia Induced by Sleep Phase Advance

“…36 Gabapentin's positive effects on sleep maintenance were accompanied by less stage 1 sleep and greater slow wave sleep (relative to placebo). This is in agreement with other published reports where the effects of gabapentin on sleep architecture are selective, in that stage 1 is preferentially reduced and slow wave sleep increased, 19,[21][22][23][24][25]27,36 although other findings have been reported (e.g., increase in REM sleep). 24,25 A decrease in light sleep (stage 1) with a parallel increase in deeper sleep (stages 3-4) suggests a deepening or consolidation of sleep, which may play a key role in sleep's restorative processes.…”

“…[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] One small, open-label study in otherwise healthy individuals with complaints of difficulty initiating and/or maintaining sleep for more than 3 months showed that, compared with baseline, gabapentin increased sleep efficiency, decreased wake after sleep onset (WASO), and increased slow wave sleep, but did not affect sleep onset latency. 27 Although these studies suggest that gabapentin has favorable effects on sleep, the applicability of these findings to individuals who have occasional difficulty sleeping can be addressed via large, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies evaluating various doses of gabapentin in individuals with occasional sleep difficulties in a validated model of transient sleep disturbance.…”

Effects of antiepileptic drugs on interictal epileptiform discharges in focal epilepsies: an update on current evidence

“…They did not find a statistical difference in the number of spikes/10 min, in the EEG recordings performed before and after GBP, even though they described a decrease in tendency to IEDs spreading after GBP [47]. These results were confirmed in another study in 18 patients with focal epilepsy, in which the authors did not find any significant changes in spikes incidence in EEG videopolysomnography recorded before and after 4 months of GBP treatment [48]. In both studies, no correlation between seizure frequency and IEDs rate has been identified [47,48].…”

What is the role for EEG after sleep deprivation in the diagnosis of epilepsy? Issues, controversies, and future directions

“…Opposite findings have also been reported (Pratt et al, 1968). Several groups recently addressed the effects of AEDs on epileptiform discharges, sleep structure, and daytime sleepiness, and gave different results depending on the drug assessed (Bonanni et al, 2001(Bonanni et al, , 2004Jain and Glauser, 2014;Placidi et al, 2000;Sammaritano and Sherwin, 2000). Thus, an effect of AED therapy on the sensitivity and specificity of SD EEG should also be taken into account.…”