GABA reverses salt-inhibited photosynthetic and growth responses through its influence on NO-mediated nitrogen-sulfur assimilation and antioxidant system in wheat

Khanna, Risheek Rahul; Jahan, Badar; Iqbal, Noushina; Khan, Nafees A.; Alajmi, Mohamed F.; Rehman, Tabish; Khan, M. Iqbal R.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.11.015

Cited by 42 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…The plants grown under salt stress show disturbance in nutrients and ion homeostasis, osmotic balance and oxidative stress resulting in the excess formation of ROS 2 , 30 , 31 . Soil salinity has been found to influence wheat production significantly by adversely affecting photosynthetic efficiency and growth 32 , 33 . Salt stress affects the photosynthesis efficiency of plants through its effect on the expression of psbA and psbB of Photosystem II (PS II) 34 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene reduces glucose sensitivity and reverses photosynthetic repression through optimization of glutathione production in salt-stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Sehar

Iqbal

Khan

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Ethylene plays a crucial role throughout the life cycle of plants under optimal and stressful environments. The present study reports the involvement of exogenously sourced ethylene (as ethephon; 2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid) in the protection of the photosynthetic activity from glucose (Glu) sensitivity through its influence on the antioxidant system for adaptation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants under salt stress. Ten-day-old plants were subjected to control and 100 mM NaCl and treated with 200 µl L−1 ethephon on foliage at 20 days after seed sowing individually or in combination with 6% Glu. Plants receiving ethylene exhibited higher growth and photosynthesis through reduced Glu sensitivity in the presence of salt stress. Moreover, ethylene-induced reduced glutathione (GSH) production resulted in increased psbA and psbB expression to protect PSII activity and photosynthesis under salt stress. The use of buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), GSH biosynthesis inhibitor, substantiated the involvement of ethylene-induced GSH in the reversal of Glu-mediated photosynthetic repression in salt-stressed plants. It was suggested that ethylene increased the utilization of Glu under salt stress through its influence on photosynthetic potential and sink strength and reduced the Glu-mediated repression of photosynthesis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene reduces glucose sensitivity and reverses photosynthetic repression through optimization of glutathione production in salt-stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Sehar

Iqbal

Khan

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…ethephon with split dosage of N and S under stress or no stress showed a higher number of stomatal frequency, compared to control plants (Figure 5). [8], and Fatma et al [25] stated the tolerance of plant was mediated by using exogenous plant hormone, nutrients, and antioxidants systems, via balancing homeostasis of ions. The present study gained novelty by using exogenous Eth on split dosage of N and S in salt-stressed plant that increased the antioxidant defense system and substantially decreased H2O2 and TBARS content.…”

Section: Photosynthetic and Growth Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Salt stress reduces about 27.5 billion USD and affects an area of approximately 936 Mha yearly nationwide [5,6]. It induces different physio-biochemical abnormalities, toxic ions uptake, as sodium (Na + ) and chloride (Cl -), unbalances essential nutrients including dual hyperosmotic effects, disturbs the homeostasis of water that declines plant growth rate and yield productivity [7,8]. Additionally, salt stress damages cellular membranes through the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To lessen the damaging effects of salt stress, plants developed several processes which involved antioxidant defense systems, compartmentation of ions, and amended osmolytes accumulation [7,8]. The assimilation of antioxidant enzymes works as an observable defense properties in the stressful condition that interacts with ROS detoxification [7,10,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, the assimilatory pathways of N and S have been considered practically merged, and all around composed, as the accessibility of one component controls the other [7,21,22]. The use of phytohormones is one of the best pragmatic approaches for coping with salt stress and has also shown in various studies with success in alleviating the toxicity of salt stress [7,8,23]. The gaseous phytohormone ethylene (ET) is a stress-responsive hormone and functions as an important contributor to plant development and growth under abiotic stress conditions [13,24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethylene Supplementation Combined with Split Application of Nitrogen and Sulfur Protects Salt-Inhibited Photosynthesis through Optimization of Proline Metabolism and Antioxidant System in Mustard (<em>Brassica juncea</em> L.)

Jahan¹,

Fatma²,

Sehar³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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In the present study, the potential of ethylene as ethephon (an ethylene source) was investigated individually or with a combination of the split dosage of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) soil treatments for the removal of damaging effects of salt stress (100 mM NaCl) in mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Plants were grown with 50 mg N plus 50 mg S kg−1 soil at sowing time and an equivalent dosage at 20 days after sowing ([N50 + S50]0d + [N50 + S50]20d). Ethephon at 200 μL L‒1 was applied to combined split dosage of N and S with or without NaCl. Plants subjected to NaCl showed a deceased in growth and photosynthetic characteristics as well as N and S assimilation, though, proline metabolism and antioxidants increased. The application of ethephon to plants grown with split N and S dosages significantly enhanced the photosynthetic efficiency by increasing the assimilation of N and S, improving the content of proline and induction of the antioxidant system with or without NaCl. The regulation of ethylene and/or split form N and S application may be the potential tools for overcoming salt stress effects in this species and in related Brassicaceae.

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Site‐directed mutagenesis improves the practical application of L‐glutamic acid decarboxylase inEscherichia coli

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2023

Engineering in Life Sciences

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γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a kind of non-proteinogenic amino acid which is highly soluble in water and widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Enzymatic conversion is an efficient method to produce GABA, whereby glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is the key enzyme that catalyzes the process.The activity of wild-type GAD is usually limited by temperature, pH or biotin concentration, and hence directional modification is applied to improve its catalytic properties and practical application. GABA was produced using whole cell transformation of the recombinant strains Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)-Gad B, E. coli BL21(DE3)-Gad B-T62S and E. coli BL21(DE3)-Gad B-Q309A. The corresponding GABA concentrations in the fermentation broth were 219.09, 238.42, and 276.66 g/L, and the transformation rates were 78.02%, 85.04%, and 98.58%, respectively. The results showed that Gad B-T62S and Gad B-Q309A are two effective mutation sites. These findings may contribute to ideas for constructing potent recombinant strains for GABA production. Practical Application: Enzymatic properties of the GAD from Escherichia coli and GAD site-specific mutants were examined by analyzing their conserved sequences, substrate contacts, contact between GAD amino acid residues and mutation energy (ΔΔG) of the GAD mutants. The enzyme activity and stability of Gad B-T62S and Gad B-Q309A mutants were improved compared to Gad B. The kinetic parameters K m and V max of Gad B, Gad B-T62S, and Gad B-Q309A mutants were 11.3 ± 2.1 mM and 32.1 ± 2.4 U/mg, 7.3 ± 2.5 mM and 76.1 ± 3.1 U/mg, and 7.2 ± 3.8 mM and 87.3 ± 1.1 U/mg, respectively. GABA was produced using whole cell transformation of the recombinant strains E.

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GABA reverses salt-inhibited photosynthetic and growth responses through its influence on NO-mediated nitrogen-sulfur assimilation and antioxidant system in wheat

Cited by 42 publications

References 73 publications

Ethylene reduces glucose sensitivity and reverses photosynthetic repression through optimization of glutathione production in salt-stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Ethylene reduces glucose sensitivity and reverses photosynthetic repression through optimization of glutathione production in salt-stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Ethylene Supplementation Combined with Split Application of Nitrogen and Sulfur Protects Salt-Inhibited Photosynthesis through Optimization of Proline Metabolism and Antioxidant System in Mustard (<em>Brassica juncea</em> L.)

Site‐directed mutagenesis improves the practical application of L‐glutamic acid decarboxylase inEscherichia coli

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