Gaba and serotonin molecular neuroimaging in essential tremor: A clinical correlation study

Gironell, Alexandre; Figueiras, Francisca P.; Pagonabarraga, Javier; Herance, José Raúl; Pascual-Sedano, Berta; Trampal, Carlos; Gispert, Juan Domingo

doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2012.04.024

Cited by 52 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In vivo imaging studies, with an increase of binding of flumazenil in GABA receptors in the cerebellar area, thus, suggesting a deficit in GABA in these areas 35,36…”

Section: Gaba Hypothesis In Et: Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The GABA Hypothesis in Essential Tremor: Lights and Shadows

Gironell

2014

Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements

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“…In vivo imaging studies, with an increase of binding of flumazenil in GABA receptors in the cerebellar area, thus, suggesting a deficit in GABA in these areas 35,36…”

Section: Gaba Hypothesis In Et: Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second paper appeared in 2012 36. The authors performed correlated clinical scale scores and parametric binding potential images of [ 11 C]flumazenil PET in 10 ET patients at different stages of clinical severity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The GABA Hypothesis in Essential Tremor: Lights and Shadows

Gironell

2014

Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements

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“…ET is characterized by a 4–12 Hz postural and kinetic tremor (Bareš, Husárová, & Lungu, 2012). For decades, studies have suggested various morphological changes underlying motor symptoms in ET (Gironell et al., 2012; Louis, Faust, & Vonsattel, 2012). However, the relatively common occurrence of nonmotor symptoms such as cognitive, behavioral, and sleep disturbances in ET led to the replacement of the long‐held “benign” mono‐symptomatic model with a complex concept of ET (Bhalsing et al., 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

White matter measures correlate with essential tremor severity—A pilot diffusion tensor imaging study

et al. 2018

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BackgroundAn evolving pathophysiological concept of essential tremor (ET) points to diffuse brain network involvement, which emphasizes the need to investigate white matter (WM) changes associated with motor symptoms of ET.ObjectivesTo investigate ET‐related WM changes and WM correlates of tremor severity using tremor clinical rating scales and accelerometry.MethodsTract‐based spatial statistics (TBSS) approach was utilized to compare 3 Tesla diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data from 12 ET patients and 10 age‐ and gender‐matched healthy individuals. Clinical scales, tremor frequency and amplitude as measured by accelerometry were correlated with DTI data.Results ET patients demonstrated mean (MD) and radial diffusivity (RD) abnormalities in tracts involved in primary and associative motor functions such as bilateral corticospinal tracts, the superior longitudinal fascicles, and the corpus callosum but also in nonmotor regions including the inferior fronto‐occipital and longitudinal fascicles, cingulum bundles, anterior thalamic radiations, and uncinate fascicles. A combined tremor frequency and amplitude score correlated with RD and MD in extensive WM areas, which partially overlapped the regions that were associated with tremor frequency. No significant relationship was found between DTI measures and clinical rating scales scores.ConclusionsThe results show that ET‐related diffusion WM changes and their correlates with tremor severity are preferentially located in the primary and associative motor areas. In contrast, a relationship between WM was not detected with clinical rating scales. Accelerometry parameters may, therefore, serve as a potentially useful clinical measures that relate to WM deficits in ET.

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“…Hence, the study findings were supportive of the notion of Purkinje cell degeneration in ET. More recently, Gironell and colleagues76 performed 11 C-flumazenil PET studies in 10 ET patients at different stages of clinical severity. There was a significant correlation between cerebellar flumazenil uptake and tremor rating scale scores, again suggesting an abnormality at the level of GABA A receptors in ET.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Region of interest analysis also revealed abnormalities in the anterior limb of the internal capsules and cerebellar peduncles.Oliveira et al 201265Other MRI33 ET, 507 controlsTotal white matter hyperintensity volume was greater in ET cases than controls. Cerebellar white matter hyperintensity volume was greater in ET cases than controls in adjusted analyses.Novellino et al 201366Other MRI24 ET, 25 controlsWhole-brain voxel-based analyses showed significant differences, consistent with increased iron deposition, in the bilateral globus pallidus, substantia nigra, and in right dentate nucleusBoecker et al 201074PET8 ET, 11 controlsIn the ET patients, there was a significant increase in binding of 11 C-flumazenil at the benzodiazepine receptor site of the GABA A receptor in the cerebellum (at the level of the dentate nucleus), the ventrolateral thalamus, and the lateral premotor cortexGironell et al 20127610 ET, no controlsThere was a significant correlation between cerebellar flumazenil uptake and tremor rating scale scoresDTI, Diffusion Tensor Imaging; DWI, Diffusion-Weighted Imaging; ET, Essential Tremor; FA, fractional anisotropy; fMRI, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; GABA, gamma-aminobutyric acid; MRI, Magnetic Resonance Imaging; MRS, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; NAA/Cr, N -acetylaspartate/total creatine; PET, Positron Emission Tomography.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%