GABA and behavior: The role of receptor subtypes

Paredes, Raúl G.; Ågmo, Anders

doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80177-0

Cited by 121 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 281 publications

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“…GABAmediated presynaptic inhibition, in particular, appears to play a powerful regulatory role in both sensory and motor function. GABA and GABA receptor agonists have antinociceptive and antispastic effects and depress spinal reflexes (Paredes and Agmo, 1992); these actions have been shown to be mediated, at least in part, via GABA receptors on DRG axon terminals.…”

Section: Synaptic Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Omega-conotoxin sensitivity and presynaptic inhibition of glutamatergic sensory neurotransmission in vitro

Gruner

Silva

1994

J. Neurosci.

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Synaptic transmission between embryonic chick dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and spinal cord neurons was studied in dissociated cell culture. Stimulation of DRG neurons evoked monosynaptic and polysynaptic excitatory responses in the spinal neurons. These responses could be reversibly blocked by application of 6-cyano-7- nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (a selective non-NMDA receptor antagonist) and irreversibly eliminated through the presynaptic action of omega- conotoxin GVIA (a selective N-type calcium channel antagonist). As N- type calcium channels in DRG neuron somata are targets for modulation via GABAB receptors, we tested the role of these receptors as regulators of synaptic transmission. Baclofen (a selective GABAB receptor agonist) reversibly inhibited synaptic transmission via a presynaptic, pertussis toxin-sensitive mechanism; CGP 35348 (a selective GABAB receptor antagonist) blocked the actions of baclofen. Taken together, these results demonstrate that N-type calcium channels play a dominant role in glutamatergic sensory neurotransmission. They suggest, in addition, that modulation of N-channel activity may underlie, at least in part, presynaptic inhibition of synaptic transmission between DRG neurons and their targets in the intact spinal cord.

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Section: Synaptic Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Omega-conotoxin sensitivity and presynaptic inhibition of glutamatergic sensory neurotransmission in vitro

Gruner

Silva

1994

J. Neurosci.

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“…We, therefore, believe that the results described in the present study reflect interactions between cholinergic and GABAergic processes in the NPO. However, it is possible that there are also nonspecific effects that were produced by muscimol at high concentrations (Paredes and Agmo, 1992). Although we believe it unlikely, it has been suggested that some in vivo effects of muscimol might be attributable to the combined action of muscimol and its metabolites (Baraldi et al, 1979;Maggi and Enna, 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Interactions between GABAergic and Cholinergic Processes in the Nucleus Pontis Oralis: Neuronal Mechanisms Controlling Active (Rapid Eye Movement) Sleep and Wakefulness

Xi¹,

Morales²,

Chase³

2004

J. Neurosci.

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The cholinergic system within the nucleus pontis oralis (NPO) of the pontine tegmentum is critically involved in the generation of active (rapid eye movement) sleep. Previously, we demonstrated that a GABAergic system in the NPO also plays an important role in the control of the behavioral states of wakefulness as well as active sleep. The present study examined interactions between these two neuronal systems vis-à-vis the occurrence of these behavioral states. Accordingly, cholinergic and GABAergic agonists and antagonists were injected into the NPO, and their combined effects on sleep and waking states of chronic, unanesthetized cats were examined. Microinjections of carbachol into the NPO elicited active sleep with a short latency. However, a preinjection of muscimol (a GABA A agonist) completely blocked the active sleep-inducing effects of carbachol. The induction of active sleep by carbachol was also suppressed by a subsequent injection of muscimol. On the other hand, the microinjection of scopolamine (a muscarinic receptor antagonist) did not block the induction of active sleep by bicuculline (a GABA A antagonist). We conclude that the excitatory cholinergic control of NPO neurons that are involved in the generation of active sleep is gated by a pontine GABAergic system that exerts its effects postsynaptically by inhibiting NPO neurons, resulting in the suppression of active sleep and the generation of wakefulness. In the absence of the activation of this GABAergic gating mechanism, active sleep occurs. These results reveal that specific interactions between cholinergic and GABAergic processes in the NPO play a critical role in the generation of active sleep and wakefulness.

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“…The role of GABA receptors in thermoregulation is supported by animal studies in which the administration of GABAergic substances in the central nervous system (CNS) affects thermoregulation. 23,24 In humans, it remains unclear whether GABA activity results in hyperthermia or hypothermia. Other investigators have reported hypothermia in patients receiving valproic acid, which is a GABA receptor agonist.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent hypothermia after intrathecal morphine: case report and literature review

Ryan

Price

Warriner

et al. 2011

Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth

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Purpose To describe a case of persistent hypothermia following spinal anesthesia with intrathecal morphine. Clinical features Following elective right total knee arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia with isobaric 0.5% bupivacaine 11 mg, fentanyl 15 lg, and preservative-free morphine 150 lg, a 57-yr-old female (93.5 kg, 151 cm) developed postoperative hypothermia with a nadir rectal temperature of 33.6°C four hours after surgery. At times, her temperature could not be measured by tympanic, temporal arterial, oral, axillary, or rectal routes. In spite of the low temperature, the patient complained of feeling hot and was diaphoretic without shivering. With the exception of her temperature, her vital signs were normal postoperatively, and aside from hyperglycemia, complete blood count, electrolytes, thyroid-stimulating hormone, serum cortisol, troponin, and twelve-lead electrocardiogram were normal. Her temperature did not respond to warming efforts with a forced-air warming blanket, infusion of warmed intravenous crystalloid, and hourly bladder irrigation with warm saline through an indwelling urinary catheter. Normothermia returned after she received a small dose of sublingual lorazepam eight hours after surgery. The remainder of her postoperative stay was uneventful. Conclusion Patients undergoing spinal anesthesia with intrathecal morphine may develop postoperative hypothermia that is resistant to warming measures. This complication may be treated successfully with lorazepam. RésuméObjectif De´crire un cas d'hypothermie persistante apre`s anesthe´sie me´dullaire avec administration intrathe´cale de morphine. Caractéristiques cliniques Apre`s arthroplastie totale programme´e du genou droit sous anesthe´sie me´dullaire utilisant de la bupivacaı¨ne 0,5 % isobare 11 mg, du fentanyl 15 lg et de la morphine 150 lg sans agent de conservation, une femme aˆge´e de 57 ans (93,5 kg, 151 cm) a pre´sente´une hypothermie postope´ratoire avec une tempe´rature rectale descendant jusqu'a`33,6°C quatre heures apre`s l'ope´ration. Par moment, sa tempe´rature n'a pas pu eˆtre mesure´e par voie tympanique, orale, axillaire, ou rectale, ou par le biais de l'arte`re temporale. En de´pit de cette tempe´rature basse, la patiente s'est plainte d'une sensation de chaleur et pre´sentait une diaphore`se sans frissonnement. A`l'exception de sa tempe´rature, ses signes vitaux postope´ratoires e´taient normaux et hormis une hyperglyce´mie, la formule sanguine comple`te, les e´lectrolytes, l'hormone thyre´otrope, le cortisol se´rique, la troponine et un e´lectrocardiogramme a`12 de´rivations e´taient normaux. Sa tempe´rature n'a pas re´agi aux efforts de re´chauffement avec une couverture chauffante aÀ uthor contributions Kenneth Ryan conducted the literature review, wrote the first draft of the case report, and contributed to the revisions of the manuscript. James Price was involved in the care of the patient and contributed extensively to the revisions of the manuscript. Brian Warriner was involved in the care of the patient and contr...

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GABA and behavior: The role of receptor subtypes

Cited by 121 publications

References 281 publications

Omega-conotoxin sensitivity and presynaptic inhibition of glutamatergic sensory neurotransmission in vitro

Omega-conotoxin sensitivity and presynaptic inhibition of glutamatergic sensory neurotransmission in vitro

Interactions between GABAergic and Cholinergic Processes in the Nucleus Pontis Oralis: Neuronal Mechanisms Controlling Active (Rapid Eye Movement) Sleep and Wakefulness

Persistent hypothermia after intrathecal morphine: case report and literature review

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