GaAs Infrared source

Biard, J.R.; Bonin, E. L.; Carr, W.N.; Pittman, G.E.

doi:10.1109/iedm.1962.187342

Cited by 3 publications

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“…soon as Fairchild Optoelectronics instigated manufacturing the low-cost LED devices [10]. In 1976, Thomas P. Pearsall invented a new semiconductor LED materials to be used in fiber optics and telecommunication systems with tremendously bright and high efficiency [11]. In 1979, first blue LED using gallium nitride (GaN) was designed by Shuji Nakamura of Nichia Corporation.…”

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Introductory Chapter: The Impression of Light-Emitting Diodes in Space-Age Advancements and Its Effect of Blue LED Irradiation

Thirumalai¹

2018

Light-Emitting Diode - An Outlook on the Empirical Features and Its Recent Technological Advancements

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Amid the supreme contemporary machineries in lamps and lighting devices, Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have an enormous amount of novel applications day by day, and flattering ever more prevalent and manageable to the societal benign. Basically, the LED is connected to direct current which emits light in the visible region of spectrum. While experimenting with silicon carbide (crystal detectors) and a cat's whisker, the first discovery of electroluminescence phenomenon using light emitting diode was noticed back at the beginning of the twentieth century (1907), by a British radio engineer H J Round and the assistant to Guglielmo Marconi [1, 2]. In 1927, the phenomenon of electroluminescence in the diodes used in radio sets was studied by a Russian radio researcher Oleg Vladimirovich Losev. Also a credit toward his research, he has published a paper named Luminous carborundum [silicon carbide] detector and detection with crystals [3]. At room (298 K), low (77 K) temperature and even in other semiconductor alloys, the infrared emission was observed by employing the simple diode structures with indium phosphide (InP), silicon-germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), and gallium antimonide (GaSb) alloys by Rubin Braunstein in 1955 [4]. Years later in the fall 1961, the first infrared LED was invented and patented by Robert Biard and Gary Pittman [5-7]. In 1962, the first visible red LED was invented by Nick Holonyack, using gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP) as a substrate for the diode [8]. By employing gallium arsenide phosphide in the diode, the first yellow LED was invented by M George Craford in 1972 [9]. In 1968, the Monsanto Company was the leading group of institution has made a mass-production of visible red LEDs as indicators using gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP). Nevertheless, it was not in anticipation of the 1970s that LEDs befitted popular as

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