Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT in recurrent high-grade gliomas: evaluating PSMA expression in vivo

Diagnostic Accuracy of PET/CT or PET/MRI Using PSMA-Targeting Radiopharmaceuticals in High-Grade Gliomas: A Systematic Review and a Bivariate Meta-Analysis

“…Overall, 209 records were identified and screened through the comprehensive literature search described above. Taking into account predefined eligibility criteria, these 209 records were assessed for eligibility and 201 records were excluded (178 as not in the field of interest, 6 as reviews, editorials, or letters, and 17 as case reports); 8 remaining articles were judged as eligible for inclusion in the systematic review (qualitative synthesis) after full-text assessment [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. No additional studies were eligible for inclusion after screening the references of these articles.…”

“…No additional studies were eligible for inclusion after screening the references of these articles. Six out of eight articles were included in the meta-analysis (quantitative synthesis) [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 25 , 26 ]; two studies included in the systematic review were excluded from the meta-analysis [ 24 , 27 ] due to possible partial patient data overlap with other studies of the same research group. Figure 1 summarizes the study selection process.…”

“…Contrast-enhanced MRI was used for comparison in all the included studies. Only some studies reported the use of functional MRI sequences [ 20 , 21 , 24 , 26 ].…”

“…Diagnostic accuracy data of PET/CT or PET/MRI with PSMA-targeting radiopharmaceuticals in HGG patients for each study are listed in Table 4 . Overall, the index test has demonstrated an excellent diagnostic performance in detecting HGG in all studies included in the systematic review, both on a per patient- and on a per lesion-based analysis and in different clinical settings (at initial diagnosis and in the suspicious recurrence after treatment) [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Moreover, PET/CT or PET/MRI with PSMA-targeting radiopharmaceuticals was very useful in detecting multifocal disease in HGG patients [ 20 , 21 , 23 ].…”

PET Imaging in Neuro-Oncology: An Update and Overview of a Rapidly Growing Area

“…Other PET radiotracers which target specific receptors or factors such as: (i) 68 Ga-NOTA-NFB and 68 Ga-Pentixafor which target the expression of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), a cell surface chemokine receptor mediating invasion and metastatic spread [115,116], (ii) 68 Ga-FAPI-02/04 for imaging inhibitors of fibroblast activation protein (FAP), a protein overexpressed in cancer-associated fibroblast, and (iii) 68 GA-PSMA for evaluating prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression in glioblastoma neovasculature [117], are currently being investigated. They may be useful for translational PRRT but only in high-grade gliomas, as they are all unable to cross an intact BBB.…”