G2P[4] rotavirus outbreak in Belu, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia, 2018

Utsumi, Takako; Wahyuni, Rury Mega; Dinana, Zayyin; Gunawan, Emily; Putra, Arga S.D.; Mubawadi, Teguh; Soetjipto,; Lusida, Maria Inge; Shoji, Ikuo

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2020.05.002

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The lowest detection (31.3%) was observed in a hospitalbased study conducted in Surabaya in 2015, while the highest detection rate (90.9%) was identified in an outbreak investigation in Belu, East Nusa Tenggara, with only 11 samples collected from the affected community. 3,34 In the decade prior to the implementation of molecular diagnostics, the detection rate of rotavirus positive gastroenteritis in this population were recorded at 34.5%-54.2%, and similarly the rotavirus detection rate was identified with wide variation at 31.3-90.9% when serology test was combined with molecular diagnostics (TABLE 1). It is important to mention that these various positive rate of rotavirus infection were reported among studies with diverse criteria of subjects' population, and diagnostic methods.…”

Section: The Detection Rate Of Rotavirus Infection In Indonesiamentioning

confidence: 81%

“…33 However, some studies also reported various lower detection rate of rotavirus which range from 31.3-48.6%. 3,15,29,30,32,35 Rotavirus is known for its efficient transmission and could invoke outbreak. Threeprobable rotavirus outbreaks were documented in Indonesia.…”

Section: The Detection Rate Of Rotavirus Infection In Indonesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies in Indonesia reported high detection rate of rotavirus from chlidren with diarrhea that reached 74.3%, as well as rotavirus outbreak which still occurred in 2018. 2,3 This may caused by the fact that although rotavirus infection is a vaccination preventable disease, the vaccination has not been a mandatory program in Indonesia. As the consequence, national health budget does not cover the cost of rotavirus vaccination, and parents must pay the vaccine for their children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The rotavirus causing acute gastroenteritis in children of under 5-year of age in Indonesia 1972-2018: a review

Aman

2021

JMedScie

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The reason of this review is the absence of thorough information of rotavirus infection that had been the major cause of severe diarrhea in children of under 5-years of age in Indonesia, despite numerous publications elaborating rotavirus infection in some geographic areas of Indonesia. A review was conducted towards 52 published articles covering rotavirus research in Indonesia during period of 1972-2018.A thirty three selected articles were match with review criteria which comprises rotavirus positive rate, clinical features, and severity of rotavirus infection, as well as genotypes of the rotavirus. Rotavirus has been known as the major cause of severe diarrhea among children under 5 years of age world wide including in Indonesia. The rotavirus positive rates were range from 31.1 to 90.9%, which variably to different subject's population, study criteria and methods, and time. Rotavirus can cause severe diarrhea with majority of infected children suffered from dehydration, vomiting, and fever. The first genotyping conducted in Indonesia in the early 1980s revealed the predominant genotypes were G3 and G4, followed by G2, and small proportion of G1 and mixed genotypes. However the following decades G1 and G2 were on the raise with G3 predominantly re-appeared on 2015. G9 was first identified in 2004, and occasionally detected until 2015. The P genotyping revealed P[4], P[6], and P[8] were the common genotypes detected. Mixed and untyped genotypes were also detected in various proportion. Rotavirus diarrhea is a vaccination preventable disease, after natural infection, the immune system will produce protective antibodies that will protect from infection of both homotypic and heterotypic, however homotypic infection will protect stronger. Therefore this review recommends continuous rotavirus genotypes surveillance in Indonesia. ABSTRAKReview ini untuk menjawab ketiadaan informasi yang komprehensif tentang infeksi rotavirus penyebab diare berat pada anak-anak berusia kurang dari 5 tahun di Indonesia, meskipun berbagai publikasi memberikan informasi mengenai infeksi rotavirus di beberapa wilayah di Indonesia. Review dilakukan pada 52 artikel tentang penelitian rotavirus di Indonesia periode tahun 1972-2018. Sebanyak 33 naskah sesuai dengan kriteria yang mencakup rotavirus positive rate, manifestasi klinis, derajat keparahan infeksi rotavirus, dan genotipe rotavirus. Rotavirus diketahui sebagai penyebab utama diare pada anak di dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Rotavirus positive rate berkisar antara 31,1 sampai 90,9%, bervariasi tergantung populasi subyek penelitian, waktu, metode dan kriteria penelitian. Rotavirus dapat menyebabkan diare berat, dengan mayoritas anak yang terinfeksi mengalami dehidrasi, muntah, dan demam. Genotyping yang pertama dilakukan di Indonesia pada awal 1980 menunjukkan adanya genotipe yang predominan adalah G3 dan G4, kemudian diikuti oleh G2, dengan sedikit proporsi genotipe G1 dan campuran. Meskipun demikian, studi pada dekade berikutnya menunjukkan naiknya proporsi G1 dan G2, dengan G3 yang k...

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Section: The Detection Rate Of Rotavirus Infection In Indonesiamentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: The Detection Rate Of Rotavirus Infection In Indonesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The rotavirus causing acute gastroenteritis in children of under 5-year of age in Indonesia 1972-2018: a review

Aman

2021

JMedScie

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The observed altered residues A87T, D96N, and S213D have been observed in the majority of G2P [4] strains circulating globally over the last two decades [40]. In particular, mutations A87T, D96N, D145G, and S213D were observed in G2P [4] strains associated with outbreaks in children in Indonesia in 2018 and a nosocomial outbreak in adults within a German hospital [41,42]. Genetic drift in VP7 antigenic epitope regions could adversely impact the effectiveness of the RotaTeq vaccine against G2P [4] strains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of a G2P[4] Rotavirus Outbreak in Western Australia, Predominantly Impacting Aboriginal Children

et al. 2021

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In May 2017, an outbreak of rotavirus gastroenteritis was reported that predominantly impacted Aboriginal children ≤4 years of age in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. G2P[4] was identified as the dominant genotype circulating during this period and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed the majority of samples exhibited a conserved electropherotype. Full genome sequencing was performed on representative samples that exhibited the archetypal DS-1-like genome constellation: G2-P[4]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2 and phylogenetic analysis revealed all genes of the outbreak samples were closely related to contemporary Japanese G2P[4] samples. The outbreak samples consistently fell within conserved sub-clades comprised of Hungarian and Australian G2P[4] samples from 2010. The 2017 outbreak variant was not closely related to G2P[4] variants associated with prior outbreaks in Aboriginal communities in the Northern Territory. When compared to the G2 component of the RotaTeq vaccine, the outbreak variant exhibited mutations in known antigenic regions; however, these mutations are frequently observed in contemporary G2P[4] strains. Despite the level of vaccine coverage achieved in Australia, outbreaks continue to occur in vaccinated populations, which pose challenges to regional areas and remote communities. Continued surveillance and characterisation of emerging variants are imperative to ensure the ongoing success of the rotavirus vaccination program in Australia.

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“…Wastewater reclamation and reuse have significantly contributed to the improvement of the accessibility of safe water, but waterborne viruses such as norovirus, rotavirus, adenovirus and enterovirus have been detected from effluents of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) ( Subahir et al., 2019 ; Hoque et al., 2018 ; Croker et al., 2018 ; Bauri et al., 2019 ; Li et al., 2018 ; Silva-Sales et al., 2020 ; Katayama et al., 2008 ; Adeifisove et al., 2016 ; Shlindwein et al., 2010 ). The risk of viral infection to humans, including users of reclaimed wastewater, needs to be addressed because waterborne viruses in wastewater have imposed a significant disease burden on human society ( Utsumi et al., 2020 ; Subahir et al., 2019 ; Hoque et al., 2018 ; Croker et al., 2018 ; Bauri et al., 2019 ; Li et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive water virology using regularized regression analyses for projecting virus inactivation efficiency in ozone disinfection

et al. 2021

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Wastewater reclamation and reuse have been practically applied to water-stressed regions, but waterborne pathogens remaining in insufficiently treated wastewater are of concern. Sanitation Safety Planning adopts the hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) approach to manage human health risks upon exposure to reclaimed wastewater. HACCP requires a predetermined reference value (critical limit: CL) at critical control points (CCPs), in which specific parameters are monitored and recorded in real time. A disinfection reactor of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is regarded as a CCP, and one of the CCP parameters is the disinfection intensity ( e.g. , initial disinfectant concentration and contact time), which is proportional to the log reduction value (LRV) of waterborne pathogens. However, the achievable LRVs are not always stable because the disinfection intensity is affected by water quality parameters, which vary among WWTPs. In this study, we established models for projecting virus LRVs using ozone, in which water quality and operational parameters were used as explanatory variables. For the model construction, we used five machine learning algorithms and found that automatic relevance determination with interaction terms resulted in better prediction performances for norovirus and rotavirus LRVs. Poliovirus and coxsackievirus LRVs were predicted well by a Bayesian ridge with interaction terms and lasso with quadratic terms, respectively. The established models were relatively robust to predict LRV using new datasets that were out of the range of the training data used here, but it is important to collect LRV datasets further to make the models more predictable and flexible for newly obtained datasets. The modeling framework proposed here can help WWTP operators and risk assessors determine the appropriate CL to protect human health in wastewater reclamation and reuse.

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G2P[4] rotavirus outbreak in Belu, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia, 2018

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

The rotavirus causing acute gastroenteritis in children of under 5-year of age in Indonesia 1972-2018: a review

The rotavirus causing acute gastroenteritis in children of under 5-year of age in Indonesia 1972-2018: a review

Characterisation of a G2P[4] Rotavirus Outbreak in Western Australia, Predominantly Impacting Aboriginal Children

Predictive water virology using regularized regression analyses for projecting virus inactivation efficiency in ozone disinfection

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