G<scp>ENERATING THE</scp> C<scp>EREBRAL</scp> C<scp>ORTICAL</scp> A<scp>REA</scp> M<scp>AP</scp>

Grove, Elizabeth A.; Shimogori, Tomomi

doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.26.041002.131137

Cited by 239 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…During CNS development, the diencephalon dives down in between the telencephalon, and its bent longitudinal axis causes its true anterior/posterior axis to rotate 90°(T. Shimogori, unpublished data). Accordingly, the shift of the barreloid upon FGF8 expression is toward the posterior, which is linking to the role of this protein in other parts of the CNS (24,27). These data demonstrate that the expression of FGF8 in the diencephalon controls patterning of thalamic nuclei.…”

Section: Function Of Fgf8 Expression In Diencephalonmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…8 in SI Appendix) at E10.5 (30 embryos of 50), E11.5 (eight of 18), and E13.5 (eight of 17). FGF8 is well established as a signaling molecule, and its expression pattern and function during CNS development in mice and chicks have been reported (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28). Because the expression of AS071 is restricted to the lateral diencephalon and hypothalamus, we compared the expression pattern of AS071 lacZ with that of Fgf8 by in situ hybridization at E10.5 and E11.5 ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Possible involvement of SINEs in mammalian-specific brain formation

Sasaki

Nishihara²,

Hirakawa³

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

174

168

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Retroposons, such as short interspersed elements (SINEs) and long interspersed elements (LINEs), are the major constituents of higher vertebrate genomes. Although there are many examples of retroposons' acquiring function, none has been implicated in the morphological innovations specific to a certain taxonomic group. We previously characterized a SINE family, AmnSINE1, members of which constitute a part of conserved noncoding elements (CNEs) in mammalian genomes. We proposed that this family acquired genomic functionality or was exapted after retropositioning in a mammalian ancestor. Here we identified 53 new AmnSINE1 loci and refined 124 total loci, two of which were further analyzed. Using a mouse enhancer assay, we demonstrate that one SINE locus, AS071, 178 kbp from the gene FGF8 (fibroblast growth factor 8), is an enhancer that recapitulates FGF8 expression in two regions of the developing forebrain, namely the diencephalon and the hypothalamus. Our gain-of-function analysis revealed that FGF8 expression in the diencephalon controls patterning of thalamic nuclei, which act as a relay center of the neocortex, suggesting a role for FGF8 in mammalianspecific forebrain patterning. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the locus, AS021, 392 kbp from the gene SATB2, controls gene expression in the lateral telencephalon, which is thought to be a signaling center during development. These results suggest important roles for SINEs in the development of the mammalian neuronal network, a part of which was initiated with the exaptation of AmnSINE1 in a common mammalian ancestor.conserved noncoding element ͉ enhancer ͉ evolution ͉ mouse

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Section: Function Of Fgf8 Expression In Diencephalonmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible involvement of SINEs in mammalian-specific brain formation

Sasaki

Nishihara²,

Hirakawa³

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

174

168

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“…The view that the cortical primordium is initially patterned by gradients of signaling molecules and transcription factors in similar ways as the rest of the embryo is widely accepted (Grove and Fukuchi-Shimogori, 2003). Our gene expression study provides insights into current hypotheses on the mechanism of cortical area map evolution.…”

Section: Evolution Of the Cortical Area Mapmentioning

confidence: 81%

Comparative Anatomy of Marmoset and Mouse Cortex from Genomic Expression

et al. 2012

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Advances in mouse neural circuit genetics, brain atlases, and behavioral assays provide a powerful system for modeling the genetic basis of cognition and psychiatric disease. However, a critical limitation of this approach is how to achieve concordance of mouse neurobiology with the ultimate goal of understanding the human brain. Previously, the common marmoset has shown promise as a genetic model system toward the linking of mouse and human studies. However, the advent of marmoset transgenic approaches will require an understanding of developmental principles in marmoset compared to mouse. In this study, we used gene expression analysis in marmoset brain to pose a series of fundamental questions on cortical development and evolution for direct comparison to existing mouse brain atlas expression data. Most genes showed reliable conservation of expression between marmoset and mouse. However, certain markers had strikingly divergent expression patterns. The lateral geniculate nucleus and pulvinar in the thalamus showed diversification of genetic organization between marmoset and mouse, suggesting they share some similarity. In contrast, gene expression patterns in early visual cortical areas showed marmoset-specific expression. In prefrontal cortex, some markers labeled architectonic areas and layers distinct between mouse and marmoset. Core hippocampus was conserved, while afferent areas showed divergence. Together, these results indicate that existing cortical areas are genetically conserved between marmoset and mouse, while differences in areal parcellation, afferent diversification, and layer complexity are associated with specific genes. Collectively, we propose that gene expression patterns in marmoset brain reveal important clues to the principles underlying the molecular evolution of cortical and cognitive expansion.

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“…Comparative anatomic studies have demonstrated that many of the most prominent anatomic differences between humans and nonhuman primates lie within these regions as well, including the gyri encompassing Brodmann's areas 9, 10, and 11 (prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortices), 44 and 45 (Broca's area), and areas 21, 22, 37, 39, and 40 (superior temporal and supramarginal cortex) [Carroll, 2003]. Though studies in animal models clearly demonstrate the universal importance of genes in the patterning of all brain regions [Grove and Fukuchi-Shimogori, 2003;Monuki and Walsh, 2001], the present findings show that genetically-mediated variance is topologically variable, at least with respect to cortical thickness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in genetic and environmental influences on the human cerebral cortex associated with development during childhood and adolescence

Lenroot

Schmitt

Ordaz

et al. 2007

Human Brain Mapping

302

260

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In this report, we present the first regional quantitative analysis of age-related differences in the heritability of cortical thickness using anatomic MRI with a large pediatric sample of twins, twin siblings, and singletons (n 5 600, mean age 11.1 years, range 5-19). Regions of primary sensory and motor cortex, which develop earlier, both phylogenetically and ontologically, show relatively greater genetic effects earlier in childhood. Later developing regions within the dorsal prefrontal cortex and temporal lobes conversely show increasingly prominent genetic effects with maturation. The observation that regions associated with complex cognitive processes such as language, tool use, and executive function are more heritable in adolescents than children is consistent with previous studies showing that IQ becomes increasingly heritable with maturity(Plomin et al. [1997]: Psychol Sci 8:442-447). These results suggest that both the specific cortical region and the age of the population should be taken into account when using cortical thickness as an intermediate phenotype to link genes, environment, and behavior. Hum Brain Mapp 30: [163][164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174] 2009. V V C 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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GENERATING THE CEREBRAL CORTICAL AREA MAP

Cited by 239 publications

References 117 publications

Possible involvement of SINEs in mammalian-specific brain formation

Possible involvement of SINEs in mammalian-specific brain formation

Comparative Anatomy of Marmoset and Mouse Cortex from Genomic Expression

Differences in genetic and environmental influences on the human cerebral cortex associated with development during childhood and adolescence

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