G-Networks and the Performance of ICT with Renewable Energy

Abstract

As a consequence of developing information and communication technology that is playing a significant role in our society and has changed our life dramatically, we witnessed a significant increase in energy consumption in computer systems and networks. Subsequently, energy harvesting technologies with renewable energy are of great interest in the field of computer systems and networks, and thus lead to abundant research which has been carried out to address energy harvesting from different aspects. However, the majority of them focuses on wireless or small-scale networks, which left wired networks with a general structure neglected. We first present a comprehensive systemic review of the trends of overall energy consumption, and energy and quality of service optimization in computer systems and networks. Then, this paper reviews the recent research progress in G-networks and energy packet networks with renewable and intermittent energy from both the system paradigms and the performance optimization and energy reduction algorithms for the wired networks.

Modelling the Energy Performance of Off-Grid Sustainable Green Cellular Base Stations

“…Recent Markovian models of energy storage systems (ESS) are based on the quantisation of energy as energy packets [20]- [25]. With data about the number of energy units delivered to the ESS within a given time interval, the mean number of energy units delivered to the ESS can be obtained, and stochastic models are then used to model the changes in the energy content of the ESS [26], [27]. One of the limitations of Markovian models is the assumption that the time required to deliver a unit of energy to the ESS is exponentially distributed, which may deviate from reality.…”