G and P Genotyping of Rotavirus Strains Circulating in France over a Three-Year Period: Detection of G9 and P[6] Strains at Low Frequencies

Bon, Fabienne; Fromantin, Catherine; Aho, Serge; Pothier, Pierre; Kohli, Évelyne

doi:10.1128/jcm.38.4.1681-1683.2000

Cited by 72 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…At present, there are 15 G types [29], with G1, G2, G3 and G4 being the predominant ones throughout the world [6]. However, there have been reports of infections by unusual G types [30–35], and recently there have been reports of the emergence of serotype G9 in several countries, such as Brazil [32], Malawi [35], the USA [36,37], France [38], India [39], Argentina [40], the UK [41] and Australia [42].…”

Section: Description Of the Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viruses causing gastroenteritis

Wilhelmi¹,

Román

Sánchez-Fauquier

2003

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

319

222

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Acute gastroenteritis is one of the most common diseases in humans worldwide. Viruses are recognized as important causes of this disease, particularly in children. Since the Norwalk virus was identified as a cause of gastroenteritis, the number of viral agents associated with diarrheal disease in humans has steadily increased. Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in children under 5 years of age. Astrovirus, calicivirus and enteric adenovirus are also important etiologic agents of acute gastroenteritis. Other viruses, such as toroviruses, coronaviruses, picobirnaviruses and pestiviruses, are increasingly being identified as causative agents of diarrhea. In recent years, the availability of diagnostic tests, mainly immunoassays or molecular biology techniques, has increased our understanding of this group of viruses. The future development of a safe and highly effective vaccine against rotavirus could prevent, at least, cases of severe diarrhea and reduce mortality from this disease.

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Section: Description Of the Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viruses causing gastroenteritis

Wilhelmi¹,

Román

Sánchez-Fauquier

2003

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

319

222

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“…Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that rotavirus G serotypes G1, G2, G3, G4, and P serotypes P1A [8], P1B[4] are the most frequent types associated with disease globally, and are thus the targets for vaccine development [Hoshino and Kapikian, 2000;Kapikian et al, 2001;Hoshino et al, 2002]. Occasionally, unusual rotavirus serotypes, such as G5 and G8, may be locally widespread [Gouvea et al, 1994;Leite et al, 1996;Adah et al, 1997;Nakata et al, 1999;Steele et al, 1999Steele et al, , 2002Hoshino and Kapikian, 2000;Palombo et al, 2000a], whereas evidence has been collected showing a global spread of the G9 serotype, that is considered the fifth most common rotavirus G type worldwide [Leite et al, 1996;Ramachandran et al, 1996Ramachandran et al, , 1998Arista et al, 1997;Unicomb et al, 1999;Bon et al, 2000;Cubitt et al, 2000;Maneekarn and Ushijima, 2000;O'Halloran et al, 2000;Oka et al, 2000;Palombo et al, 2000b;Widdowson et al, 2000;Bok et al, 2001;Cascio et al, 2001;Santos et al, 2001;Cunliffe et al, 2001a,b;Kang et al, 2002;Steele et al, 2002] (V. Martella, personal observations). The mechanisms driving evolution of rotaviruses are various and accumulation of single-point substitutions and reassortment are most likely involved in generating variability [Estes, 2001].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleotide variation in the VP7 gene affects PCR genotyping of G9 rotaviruses identified in Italy

Martella

Terio

Arista

et al. 2003

Journal of Medical Virology

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A modified (aFT9m) and a degenerate (aFT9d) version of the rotavirus G9-specific primer (aFT9) allowed strains that were previously untypable, because of point mutations accumulating at the primer binding site, to be G typed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The strains were collected during 2001-2002 in Italy in hospitals of the Apulia region, from children affected by severe rotavirus-associated enteritis. Using a wide selection of G9 rotaviruses detected worldwide, sequencing of the G9 untypable strains, sequence comparison, and phylogenetic analysis showed that the Italian strains have strong genetic similarity (< or =99.4%) to G9 rotaviruses identified recently in many parts of the world and different from the old G9 strains identified during the 1980s (less than 90%). Genetic variation of G9 rotaviruses explains the constraints encountered in the typing assays and presumably accounts, together with genetic reassortment events, for the emergence on a global scale of the G9 serotype.

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“…Although 10 G-types and 10 P-types have been reported from human [Pongsuwanna et al, 2002], G1-G4 serotypes and P[8] and P [4] genotypes are the most important strains clinically and epidemiologically reported from all countries Palombo, 1999]. However, the pattern of G-type distribution seems to be changing as some unusual types (G5, G8, and G9) and rare combination of G-and P-types have been reported from different countries [Unicomb et al, 1999;Bon et al, 2000;Cubitt et al, 2000;O'Halloran et al, 2000;Palombo et al, 2000;Ramachandran et al, 2000;Bok et al, 2001;Cunliffe et al, 2001;Santos et al, 2001]. New rotavirus strains may evolve through reassortment between gene segments, as well as by accumulation of spontaneous mutation in the genome because of selective pressures of the human immune surveillance system [Ramig, 1997], therefore, continuous monitoring of the prevalent rotavirus strains is important to identify new strains before they cause an epidemic [Ramachandran et al, 2000].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variability of human rotavirus strains isolated from Eastern and Northern India

Das

Varghese

Chaudhuri

et al. 2003

Journal of Medical Virology

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An epidemiological study was conducted in Eastern and Northern India to determine the genomic diversity of rotaviruses in these parts of the country. In 2001, a total of 126 Group A rotavirus positive samples were detected from children below 4 years of age with diarrhoea from Kolkata, Dibrugarh and Bhubaneswar in Eastern India, and Chandigarh, a city in Northern India. All the samples were genotyped for VP7 (G-type) and VP4 (P-type) gene by reverse transcription (RT) and multiplex PCR using different type specific primers. The strains with G1P[8] (32.5%) was predominant as reported earlier [Das et al. (2002) J Clin Microbiol 40:146-149] followed by G2P[4](4.7%) and only one sample was of G4P[8] specificity. Along with these common types some rare strains like G1P[6], G2P[8], G2P[6], G4P[4], and G4P[6] were also detected in 14.3% of cases. Thirty percent of samples in this study were mixed infections and 21 (16.7%) specimens remained untypeable either for the VP7 or for the VP4 gene. After sequencing of the VP7 gene, two G9 strains (RMC321 and ISO-3) were identified with P[8] and P[19] specificities. Sequence analysis revealed that they have much lower homology to the G9 strains (116E, INL1, and G16) isolated earlier from Indian subcontinent, but have much higher homology to isolates from Argentina, Brazil, Malawi, Taiwan, and USA suggesting a separate progenitor for these strains.

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G and P Genotyping of Rotavirus Strains Circulating in France over a Three-Year Period: Detection of G9 and P[6] Strains at Low Frequencies

Cited by 72 publications

References 20 publications

Viruses causing gastroenteritis

Viruses causing gastroenteritis

Nucleotide variation in the VP7 gene affects PCR genotyping of G9 rotaviruses identified in Italy

Genetic variability of human rotavirus strains isolated from Eastern and Northern India

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