Background: To investigate the mechanism of Qingjieyifei Miao Fang (QJYFMF) combined with gefitinib (GE) against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods: Network pharmacology was applied to obtain the key targets and signaling pathways of QJYFMF in NSCLC treatment. An A549 cell culture model of QJYFMF and a mouse model of lung cancer surface transplantation were established in vivo and in vitro, respectively. The therapeutic effect of QJYFMF on NSCLC was investigated by CCK-8, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell assay. The expression of key proteins in the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was verified by western blot and qRT-PCR assay.
Results: A total of 98 active components and 901 targets of QJYFMF were obtained, which were mainly concentrated in the PI3K-AKT, MARK, and apoptosis signaling pathways. Compared with the control group, QJYFMF significantly inhibited the A549 cell proliferation rate, promoted cell apoptosis, and reduced the A594 cell migration and invasion abilities. Furthermore, the transplanted tumor volume and weight were decreased, the PTEN, caspase-9, and BAD protein expression levels were increased, the PI3K/p-PI3K, AKT/p-AKT, p-caspase-9 and p-BAD expression levels were decreased, and the BAD and caspase-9 mRNA expression levels were increased. The combined use of GE+QJYFMF displayed greater efficacy.
Conclusion: QJYFMF significantly inhibited NSCLC proliferation, migration, and invasion and promoted cell apoptosis. The combination of GE+QJYFMF can increase the efficacy of GE, and the mechanism may be through the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.