Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis as a Mixed-Method and Analysis Technique: A Comprehensive Systematic Review

Abstract

The review aims to explore fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) as a bridge between the qualitative and quantitative paradigm divide in tourism, leisure, and hospitality management studies and explain why and how field scholars employ it. A comprehensive systematic review of complete and original articles from 31 top-tier tourism, leisure, and hospitality journals was conducted on the basis of the PRISMA framework. Since its inception in the field, fsQCA has been employed as a mixed method and analysis technique for theory development, testing, and data analysis. Its application in the field has grown because it acts as a back up in addressing complex sets through rigorous qualitative and quantitative approaches. Complexity, fuzzy set, planned behavior, chaos, and motivation are the leading theories consistently used; behavior, intention, motivation, performance, attitude, satisfaction, crisis, and experience are the complex research themes in the field that most frequently employ fsQCA.

Chaordic event co‐creation and tourism destination image: Strategic carnival shifts in the post‐pandemic era

“…Table 1 illustrates the general asymmetry of the study. Consequently, different combinations of the examined simple conditions can result in the same outcome (Geremew et al, 2023; Woodside, 2013). The research examines the effect of co‐creation upon destination image using the Carnival of Patras as a case study, and evaluates the causal recipes generated by the antecedents of: (1) event co‐creation; (2) brand co‐creation; (3) experience co‐creation; (4) degree of co‐creation; and (5) satisfaction.…”

How to Avoid the Cultural Distortion Risk at Heritage Sites? A Configuration Analysis Perspective

“…This study utilized an exploratory sequential mixed methods design (Creswell & Clark, 2018). Mixed methods involve the integration of qualitative and quantitative data and analysis results, and aim to provide a comprehensive approach to studying a phenomenon (Creswell et al, 2003;Geremew et al, 2023). This approach can involve different research elements, research designs, data collection, and analyses.…”

“…In Study 2 (discussed in Section 5), we conducted a questionnaire survey and examined the correlation between cultural distortion risk and its influencing factors. Furthermore, fsQCA was introduced to analyze the causal combination configurations (Geremew et al, 2023) of cultural distortion risk. The specific reasons for using fsQCA are as follows.…”

How does social responsibility investment strategy contribute to hospitality firms’ recovery from public health emergencies? The case of COVID-19 pandemic

“…Furthermore, the problem of endogeneity can be solved to some extent through the analysis of sufficiency and necessity conditions ( Pappas and Woodside, 2021 ). However, few studies have explored the pathway between CSR practices and hospitality firms’ performance, though the use of a configurational perspective in research on both CSR practices and the hospitality industry is on the rise ( Geremew et al, 2023 , Kumar et al, 2022 ).…”