Fuzzy Logic-Based Evaluation Model of Handwritten Font Sizes Readability on Extra Small Devices

Although mobile phone application developers aim to design software to be user-friendly, elderly users report having problems with flexible user interfaces. The purpose of this study was to examine a range of flexible user interface designs for mobile phones with the aim of locating and addressing the limitations reported by elderly users. Accordingly, a fuzzy model drawing on a range of variables was developed from an age/vision impaired related data set for the development of a variety of basic design elements for user interfaces. The model was tested to assess the preciseness and accuracy of its functions, achieving a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) close to 0 and an Effectiveness Index (EI) close to 1, giving the model a high value for effectiveness. A subsequent usability test of the generated design interfaces using four types of mobile phones (18 screens in all) was conducted among 25 elderly users with vision impairment. The findings showed that the size and shape of both numeric and function buttons was a significant factor in assessing phone usability both for communication and for social media use, as was text and number size, although, significantly, the latter was qualified by screen size. Recommended numeric and dial function button sizes are 15.6mm and 16.2 mm, respectively. Likewise, recommended text and numbers sizes are 14 and 25 points, respectively. Furthermore, square-shaped buttons with rounded-edge buttons are the most suitable for elderly users, as is a background in a light shade, with texts and icons in dark colors. The model demonstrates that it is possible to design user interfaces with particular groups in mind such as the elderly and vision-impaired, in order to enhance mobile phone usability for these groups.

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Fuzzy Model and Usability Test of a Recommended Interface Design for Mobile Phones for Elderly Users

Polnigongit

Chanwimalueng²,

Fitzgerald³

2023

“…According to the author [25], cascading style sheet selectors are patterns that are used to select HTML elements. In addition, CSS technology is useful to adopt font size in a new responsive web suitable for different screen sizes, including tiny devices [26].…”

Section: Bootstrapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Web Application with Machine Learning for House Price Prediction

Jáuregui-Velarde,

Andrade-Arenas,

Hernandez Celis

et al. 2023

Every year, the price of a house changes due to different aspects, so accurately estimating the buying and selling price is a problem for real estate agencies. Therefore, the research work aims to build a Machine Learning (ML) model in Azure ML Studio and a web application to predict the buying and selling price of two types of houses: urban and rural houses, according to their characteristics, to minimize the forecast error in prediction. Following the basic stages of machine learning construction, we build the prediction model and the Rational Unified Process (RUP) methodology to build the web application. As a result, we obtained a model trained with a linear regression algorithm and a predictive ML model with a coefficient of determination of 95% and a web application that consumes the prediction model through an Application Programming Interface (API) that facilitates price prediction to customers. The quality of the prediction system was evaluated by expert judgment; they evaluated efficiency, usability, and functionality. After the calculation, they obtained an average quality of 4.88, which indicates that the quality is very high. In conclusion, the developed prediction system facilitates real estate agencies and their customers the accurate prediction of the price of urban and rural housing, minimizing accuracy errors in price prediction. Benefiting all people interested in the real estate world.

“…In this paper the same methodology was used as in the paper "Fuzzy Logic-Based Evaluation Model of Handwritten Font Sizes Readability" [8].…”

Section: Problem Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Readability Evaluation of Variable Handwritten Fonts on Different Screen Sizes Using Fuzzy Logic

Bratić

Loknar

Ivančević

2022

According to the OpenType standard, variable font is a single font file which contains all style versions of one typeface family, as opposed to standard font families that use different files for each style version. Therefore, they are suitable for use on web because one file with all the necessary typeface styles is significantly smaller in size than classic families with multiple files. This shortens the font loading time, which enables wide range of typographical use on various devices. This paper investigates the readability of handwritten variable fonts in a responsible web environment on four screen sizes: extra small, small, medium, and large. Seven letter cuts were made from basic monoline handwritten font: thin, ultra-light, light, regular, semi-bold, bold, and ultra-bold. This paper presents model of readability evaluation using the fuzzy logic based postprocessing method for segmentation values related to evaluation criteria. Linguistic variable’s values are used to rate readability level against each of the criteria i.e., attributes. Prototype of a variable handwritten fonts are tested in responsive web environment, using CSS technology. The results show that readability evaluation has measurable output because the score combine various numeral factors affecting the readability of particular letter cut. Also, the results indicate that this type of font is not suitable for displays on extra small and medium screens such as mobile phones and tablets. That knowledge opens advanced possibilities to designers when designing for web because variable handwritten fonts are relatively simple, uniform and easily manageable. Using of proposed model in short time can show readability level of some font type on a new web.