Fuzzy Logic Based Coverage and Cost Effective Placement of Serving Nodes for 4G and Beyond Cellular Networks

Abstract

The densification of serving nodes is one of the potential solutions to maximize the spectral efficiency per unit area. This is preposterous on account of conventional base stations (BS) for which site procurement is costly. Long term evolution-advanced (LTE-A) defines the idea of heterogeneous networks (HetNets), where BSs with different coverage and capacity are utilized to guarantee the quality of service (QoS) requirements of the clients. To maximize the transmission quality of the clients in the coverage holes, LTE-A also defines multihop relay (MHR) networks, where the relay stations (RSs) are also placed along with the BSs. Unfortunately, the placement approaches for HetNet and MHR serving nodes are not standardized. In this work, two different approaches like site selection with maximum service coverage (SSMSC) and site selection with minimum placement cost (SSMPC) are proposed, which identifies the required number of serving nodes, their types, and the placement locations to maximize the coverage and to maintain the placement cost (PC) within the limits of the total placement budget. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approaches are computationally less complex and offer enhanced performance in terms of aggregate PC, coverage, and power proportion compared to the other conventional approaches.

A fuzzy based vertical handover network selection scheme for device-to-device communication

“…Fuzzy set theory denotes the ambiguous data in an innate form [3]. Due to the lower computational complexity and simpler mathematical implementation, triangular fuzzy number (TFN) is widely preferred for the applications related to wireless communication.…”

“…It also reduces power consumption and latency. In 5G, the concept of small cells is very popular, where the coverage range of access points are reduced [3]. Due to the mobility nature, the devices undergoing D2D communication requires frequent handovers [2].…”

“…Fuzzy logic is capable of processing a large number of inputs and makes a soft decision. It efficiently handles the imprecise data and represents it in an innate form [3]. Most of the conventional VHO decision-making algorithms are based on RSS, which fluctuates based on various parameters like distance, mobility, speed and shadowing factor, etc.…”

Wireless Mesh Networks Based on MBPSO Algorithm to Improvement Throughput

“…Another study developed heuristic-based RSs to address the issue of network deployment and reuse of radio resouce when IEEE 802.16j MMR networks are involved [31]. Yet another study assessed the ability of a network for IEEE 802.16j via cooperative diversity for uplink transmissions [32] 4377 research can be employed in analyzing the pros and cons of capacity improvement relay and deployment cost.…”