Fuzzy Dynamic Thermal Rating System-Based SIPS for Enhancing Transmission Line Security

Abstract

The increased integrations of intermittent renewable energy sources into power systems cause more power grid congestions and therefore system operators need more advanced control to relieve this pressure. The dynamic thermal rating (DTR) system is able to increase the thermal constraint and subsequently maximum loading of existing lines. This dynamic rating is achieved through real-time considerations of weather data and it is usually much higher than the traditional static thermal rating system. The operational tripping scheme (OTS), a variant of the wider system integrity protection scheme, also relieves line congestions but it does this by tripping pre-selected generators and this have the unwanted consequence of reducing power adequacy. This paper proposes the novel integration of DTR and OTS, while considering the inherent uncertainties of their sensors based on fuzzy numbers, to avoid unnecessary generation tripping due to conservative line ratings. This novel Fuzzy-DTR-OTS delays the tripping of generations, enhances the adequacy of power supply, improves system security and avoids high risk cascading black out inducing events.INDEX TERMS dynamic thermal rating, SIPS, conductor temperature, wide area monitoring NOMENCLATURE ConstantsConductor heat capacity (J/m ⋅ ℃) Density of air (kg m 3 ⁄ )

Reliability-Centered Maintenance for Overhead Transmission Lines in Composite Power System

“…Tis method, which is known as static thermal rating (STR), underestimates the thermal rating of lines. On the contrary, dynamic thermal rating (DTR) as an alternative approach to estimate the thermal limit of transmission lines utilizes the actual weather information [21,22]. As a result, it is proven that DTR can increase the capacity of transmission lines by 30-50% [23].…”

Meter placement algorithms to enhance distribution systems state estimation: Review, challenges and future research directions

“…The DTR enables the existing transmission lines to be operated more closely to their capacity limits. Hence, system integrity protection schemes (SIPS) should be designed to ensure security and stable operation of power systems, especially after line outages [119,120].…”

Fuzzy Dynamic Thermal Rating System-Based Thermal Aging Model for Transmission Lines

“…To obtain a more accurate estimate of the line rating and conductor temperature, including uncertainties in the computation is necessary. Although probabilistic tools are capable of modeling parameter uncertainties, they are somewhat restricted in their application due to the requirement of a specified standard probability distribution for uncertain parameters [27,28]. Instead, the fuzzy set has been determined to be the best for modeling the uncertainty associated with meteorological data [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

“…Although probabilistic tools are capable of modeling parameter uncertainties, they are somewhat restricted in their application due to the requirement of a specified standard probability distribution for uncertain parameters [27,28]. Instead, the fuzzy set has been determined to be the best for modeling the uncertainty associated with meteorological data [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Additionally, fuzzy reasoning has been effectively employed for the optimal control of transmission line overloading [30], and a fuzzy-based control method for the computation of transmission line ampacity has been presented [31].…”