“…Earth Observations are frequently used to engineer large-scale datasets featuring diverse information on agriculture, climate, society and economy (Choumos et al, 2022, Drivas et al, 2022. Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques including Machine Learning (ML) are used to analyze such datasets, extract insights, and inform stakeholders (Sitokonstantinou et al, 2023, Sitokonstantinou et al, 2020. Since * Corresponding author impact assessment studies are fundamentally concerned with cause and effect, researchers have been recently using causal machine learning techniques to valorize EO data (Jerzak et al, 2023, Giannarakis et al, 2022a, Nanushi et al, 2022 while avoiding the caveats of correlation based ML methods (Pearl, 2009).…”