Fuzzy based Reliable Cooperative Spectrum Sensing for Smart Grid Environment

Abstract

The huge demand for spectrum has created immediate need to make available new licensed and/or unlicensed spectrum bands to satisfy the explosive growth of spectrum demands and to satisfy the quality of service requirements of diverse applications. Spectrum shortage and harsh environment have become a challenging bottleneck to achieve reliable communications in the smart grid. Cognitive radio is the emerging technology to achieve both spectrum and reliability awareness. Cooperative spectrum sensing takes advantage of spatial diversity to reduce the impact of receiver uncertainty. However, the harsh smart grid environments limit advantageous of cooperation due to variations of signal to noise ratio on which energy detection technique depends on. This paper proposes a reliable spectrum detection for a cluster based cooperative spectrum sensing in harsh smart grid environment, where cognitive cluster heads and a centralized cognitive radio based fusion center are deployed to solve both spectrum and reliability problems. The proposed fuzzy inference system is based on three fuzzy descriptors of energy difference, link quality, and local probability of detection. The results show the superiority of proposed fuzzy based fusion scheme to enhance accuracy of spectrum decision in harsh environment.