Future trends in synchrotron science at NSLS-II

Hill, J. P.; Campbell, Stuart I.; Carini, G.; Chen‐Wiegart, Yu‐chen Karen; Chu, Yong S.; Fluerasu, Andrei; Fukuto, Masafumi; Idir, Mourad; Jakoncic, Jean; Jarrige, Ignace; Siddons, P.; Tanabe, T.; Yager, Kevin G.

doi:10.1088/1361-648x/ab7b19

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…Materials characterization. Synchrotron measurements were carried out at the National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) 67 , in Brookhaven National Laboratory. Hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy measurements were performed on beamline 7-ID-2 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology using a 400 mm diameter hemispherical electron-energy analyzer with a 300 μm slit, mounted at 90°with respect to the beam propagation, and operating at 200 eV pass energy.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic relaxation channels in materials for superconducting qubits

et al. 2021

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Despite mounting evidence that materials imperfections are a major obstacle to practical applications of superconducting qubits, connections between microscopic material properties and qubit coherence are poorly understood. Here, we combine measurements of transmon qubit relaxation times (T1) with spectroscopy and microscopy of the polycrystalline niobium films used in qubit fabrication. By comparing films deposited using three different techniques, we reveal correlations between T1 and intrinsic film properties such as grain size, enhanced oxygen diffusion along grain boundaries, and the concentration of suboxides near the surface. Qubit and resonator measurements show signatures of two-level system defects, which we propose to be hosted in the grain boundaries and surface oxides. We also show that the residual resistance ratio of the polycrystalline niobium films can be used as a figure of merit for qubit lifetime. This comprehensive approach to understanding qubit decoherence charts a pathway for materials-driven improvements of superconducting qubit performance.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic relaxation channels in materials for superconducting qubits

et al. 2021

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“…Progress has been made with pixelated devices with a reasonable numbers of pixels [125] and more recently with photon-counting pixels, which can give higher count rates with higher frame rates [126]. There is a desperate need for advanced systems to achieve ambitious battery performance targets, but also to accelerate the discovery of new battery materials.…”

Section: Conclusion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Using In-Situ Laboratory and Synchrotron-Based X-ray Diffraction for Lithium-Ion Batteries Characterization: A Review on Recent Developments

et al. 2020

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Renewable technologies, and in particular the electric vehicle revolution, have generated tremendous pressure for the improvement of lithium ion battery performance. To meet the increasingly high market demand, challenges include improving the energy density, extending cycle life and enhancing safety. In order to address these issues, a deep understanding of both the physical and chemical changes of battery materials under working conditions is crucial for linking degradation processes to their origins in material properties and their electrochemical signatures. In situ and operando synchrotron-based X-ray techniques provide powerful tools for battery materials research, allowing a deep understanding of structural evolution, redox processes and transport properties during cycling. In this review, in situ synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction methods are discussed in detail with an emphasis on recent advancements in improving the spatial and temporal resolution. The experimental approaches reviewed here include cell designs and materials, as well as beamline experimental setup details. Finally, future challenges and opportunities for battery technologies are discussed.

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“…Synchrotron measurements were carried out at the National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) [58], in Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). Hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (HAXPES) measurements were performed on beamline 7-ID-2 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) using a 400 mm diameter hemispherical electron energy analyzer with a 300 um slit, mounted at 90 degrees with respect to the beam propagation, and operating at 200 eV pass energy.…”

Section: Materials Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic Relaxation Channels in Materials for Superconducting Qubits

Premkumar¹,

Hwang²,

Jaeck³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Despite mounting evidence that materials imperfections are a major obstacle to practical applications of superconducting qubits, connections between microscopic material properties and qubit coherence are poorly understood. Here, we perform measurements of transmon qubit relaxation times T1 in parallel with spectroscopy and microscopy of the thin polycrystalline niobium films used in qubit fabrication. By comparing results for films deposited using three techniques, we reveal correlations between T1 and grain size, enhanced oxygen diffusion along grain boundaries, and the concentration of suboxides near the surface. Physical mechanisms connect these microscopic properties to residual surface resistance and T1 through losses arising from the grain boundaries and from defects in the suboxides. Further, experiments show that the residual resistance ratio can be used as a figure of merit for qubit lifetime. This comprehensive approach to understanding qubit decoherence charts a pathway for materials-driven improvements of superconducting qubit performance.

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Future trends in synchrotron science at NSLS-II

Cited by 14 publications

References 160 publications

Microscopic relaxation channels in materials for superconducting qubits

Microscopic relaxation channels in materials for superconducting qubits

Using In-Situ Laboratory and Synchrotron-Based X-ray Diffraction for Lithium-Ion Batteries Characterization: A Review on Recent Developments

Microscopic Relaxation Channels in Materials for Superconducting Qubits

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