Future Research Directions to Reconcile Wind Turbine–Wildlife Interactions

May, Roelof Frans; Gill, Andrew B.; Köppel, Johann; Langston, Rowena H. W.; Reichenbach, Marc; Scheidat, Meike; Smallwood, Shawn K.; Voigt, Christian C.; Hüppop, Ommo; Portman, Michelle Ε.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-51272-3_15

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Collection of data around wind farms is inherently difficult due to the extensive natural variability of wildlife populations and habitats to change. In contrast to the typical species-by-species wind farm management, ecological RBM encourages consideration of ecological interactions between and among populations, habitats, and ecosystem functions [58]. The RBM wind-wildlife framework applies the criteria of sustainability, ecological health, ecosystem services, and complexity to examine these interactions ( Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling Renewable Energy While Protecting Wildlife: An Ecological Risk-Based Approach to Wind Energy Development Using Ecosystem-Based Management Values

et al. 2020

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Acceptance of wind energy development is challenged by stakeholders’ concerns about potential effects on the environment, specifically on wildlife, such as birds, bats, and (for offshore wind) marine animals, and the habitats that support them. Communities near wind energy developments are also concerned with social and economic impacts, as well as impacts on aesthetics, historical sites, and recreation and tourism. Lack of a systematic, widely accepted, and balanced approach for measuring the potential damage to wildlife, habitats, and communities continues to leave wind developers, regulators, and other stakeholders in an uncertain position. This paper explores ecological risk-based management (RBM) in wind energy development for land-based and offshore wind installations. This paper provides a framework for the adaptation of ecosystem-based management to wind energy development and examines that framework through a series of case studies and best management practices for applying risk-based principles to wind energy. Ten case studies indicate that wind farm monitoring is often driven by regulatory requirements that may not be underpinned by scientific questions. While each case applies principles of adaptive management, there is room for improvement in applying scientific principles to the data collection and analysis. Challenges and constraints for wind farm development to meet RBM framework criteria include collecting sufficient baseline and monitoring data year-round, engaging stakeholder facilitators, and bringing together large and diverse scientific teams. The RBM framework approach may provide insights for improved siting and consenting/permitting processes for regulators and their advisors, particularly in those nations where wind energy is still in the early development stages on land or at sea.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling Renewable Energy While Protecting Wildlife: An Ecological Risk-Based Approach to Wind Energy Development Using Ecosystem-Based Management Values

et al. 2020

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“…Negative factors when using the most popular HAWT are low-frequency vibrations , noise, rapid movement of the blades, etc. at the same time, researchers note both the impact on natural ecosystems in general [12], and harmful effects on specific biological species: bats [13], golden eagles [14], etc.…”

Section: Environmental Problems Of Wind Power Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating E-Courses for Learning the CAD Basics

Burtsev

Novitskiy

2020

ITM Web Conf.

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Article is devoted to the peculiarities of creating an electronic course on learning the basics of three-dimensional design of wind power plant elements using modern software systems. The iSpring Suite program was chosen as a course development tool. It has support for the SCORM 2004 format and extensive integration with office suites. In order to minimize problems with working in various distance learning systems, the course was divided into nine modules. The first module is dedicated to the basics of wind energy. The second module provides an overview of existing CAD programs. The third and fourth modules are dedicated to 2dimensional design. The fifth and sixth modules introduce commands for creating 3-dimensional parts from both other parts and 2-dimensional sketches. Module 7 is devoted to algorithms for creating assemblies from existing 3-dimensional parts. Module 8 and 9 represent the implementation of the multiplier/reducer Assembly algorithm from ready-made 3dimensional parts that are present in the course resources.

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“…Knowledge on the effects of wind energy on biodiversity at a species level, and how these reflect impacts on a population level (May et al 2017), is the first step to adequately quantify impacts, outside and within the LCA framework. Drewitt and Langston (2006), as well as many other authors, identified collision, disturbance, as well as habitat loss and change as the main effects from wind power on birds, both on-and offshore.…”

Section: Effects Of Wind Energy Development On Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of onshore wind energy production on birds and bats: recommendations for future life cycle impact assessment developments

Laranjeiro

May

Verones

2018

Int J Life Cycle Assess

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Purpose: Models for quantifying impacts on biodiversity from renewable energy technologies are missing within life cycle impact assessment (LCIA). We aim to provide an overview of the effects of wind energy on birds and bats, with a focus on quantitative methods. Furthermore, we will investigate and provide the necessary background for how these can in future be integrated into new developments of LCIA models. Methods: We reviewed available literature summarizing the effects of wind energy developments on birds and bats. We provide an overview over available quantitative assessment methods that have been employed outside of the LCIA framework to model the different impacts of wind energy developments on wildlife. Combining the acquired knowledge on impact pathways and associated quantitative methods, we propose possibilities for future approaches for a wind energy impact assessment methodology for LCIA. Results and discussion: Wind energy production has impacts on terrestrial biodiversity through three main pathways: collision, disturbance, and habitat alterations. Birds and bats are throughout the literature considered the most affected taxonomic groups, with different responses to the before-mentioned impact pathways. Outside of the LCIA framework, current quantitative impact assessment prediction models include collision risk models, species distribution models, individual-based models and population modelling approaches. Developed indices allow scaling of species-specific vulnerability to mortality, disturbance and/or habitat alterations. Conclusion: Although insight into the causes behind collision risk, disturbance and habitat alterations on bats and birds is still limited, the current knowledge base enables the development of a robust assessment tool. Modelling the impacts of habitat alterations, disturbance and collisions within an LCIA framework is most appropriate using species distribution models as those enable the estimation of species' occurrences across a region. Although local scale developments may be more readily feasible, further up-scaling to global coverage is recommended to allow comparison across regions and technologies, and to assess cumulative impacts.

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Future Research Directions to Reconcile Wind Turbine–Wildlife Interactions

Cited by 28 publications

References 83 publications

Enabling Renewable Energy While Protecting Wildlife: An Ecological Risk-Based Approach to Wind Energy Development Using Ecosystem-Based Management Values

Enabling Renewable Energy While Protecting Wildlife: An Ecological Risk-Based Approach to Wind Energy Development Using Ecosystem-Based Management Values

Creating E-Courses for Learning the CAD Basics

Impacts of onshore wind energy production on birds and bats: recommendations for future life cycle impact assessment developments

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