Future perspectives in robotic surgery

Abstract

What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Robotic surgery in its current form has established itself as a viable treatment option for several indications and the gold standard for a few indications. This has occurred because of the improved technology built into the robotics system. This paper looks at the brief history of robotics in surgery. Then we review in more detail some of the future possible additions to the technological armamentarium that might significantly improve the ways that surgeons perform robotic surgery. Robotics of the current day have advanced significantly from early computer‐aided design/manufacturing systems to modern master‐slave robotic systems that replicate the surgeon's exact movements onto robotic instruments in the patient. Globally >300 000 robotic procedures were completed in 2010, including ≈98 000 robot‐assisted radical prostatectomies. Broadening applications of robotics for urological procedures are being investigated in both adult and paediatric urology. The use of the current robotic system continues to be further refined. Increasing experience has optimized port placement reducing arm collisions to allow for more expedient surgery. Improved three‐dimensional camera magnification provides improved intraoperative identification of structures. Robotics has probably improved the learning curve of laparoscopic surgery while still maintaining its patient recovery advantages and outcomes. The future of robotic surgery will take this current platform forward by improving haptic (touch) feedback, improving vision beyond even the magnified eye, improving robot accessibility with a reduction of entry ports and miniaturizing the slave robot. Here, we focus on the possible advancements that may change the future landscape of robotic surgery.

Robotic surgery basic skills training: Evaluation of a pilot multidisciplinary simulation-based curriculum

“…Despite the rapid adoption of robotic surgery in clinical practice, 4,11 comprehensive training for the waves of novice robotic surgeons emerging from surgical training programs has often been inadequate. Most programs lack a validated robotic surgery training curriculum, in large part due to a lack of widespread robotic expertise.…”

Pediatrik Endoskopik Üroloji’de Son Durum

“…Çünkü opere etmek istediğimiz çocuk bunlara oranla oldukça küçük olup elbette gelecekte aletler minyatürize edilecek ve robotlar şimdiki kadar yer kaplamayacaklardır. Şu an için "ViaCath" ve "MiroSurge" bu alanda geliştirilen yeni teknolojiler olup hayvan çalışmaları halen devam etmektedir (Resim 5) (42). Medikal robotların kollarının ameliyat masasına monte edilebildiği bir teknoloji "MiroSurge", gelişmiş bir robot araştırma laboratuvarı olan Alman Hava ve Uzay Merkezinin (DLR) bir projesidir.…”

The Next-Generation Surgical Robots

“…The subsequent ZEUS robotic system (Computer Motion Inc.) complemented an AESOP camera with two teleoperated robotic manipulators that were also continuously controlled by the surgeon through motion or voice commands [1,8]. Despite its clinical success, the ZEUS was rivaled by the da Vinci Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical Inc.) and was discontinued two years after clearing FDA due to company merger [9,10]. The da Vinci, on the other hand, has been the class leader for robotic-assisted surgery ever since.…”