Future perspective for diagnosis in autoimmune diseases

Abstract

Human beings have taken successive approaches for the understanding and management of diseases. Initially brewed in supernatural concepts and mystical procedures, a vigorous scientific approach has emerged on the grounds of fundamental disciplines such as anatomy, microbiology, biochemistry, physiology, immunology, pathology, and pharmacology. The resulting integrated knowledge contributed to the current classification of diseases and the way Medicine is carried out today. Despite considerable progress, this approach is rather insufficient when it comes to systemic inflammatory conditions, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, that covers clinical conditions ranging from mild pauci-symptomatic diseases to rapidly fatal conditions. The treatment for such conditions is often insufficient and novel approaches are needed for further progress in these areas of Medicine. A recent breakthrough has been achieved with respect to chronic auto-inflammatory syndromes, in which molecular dissection of underlying gene defects has provided directions for target-oriented therapy. Such approach may be amenable to application in systemic auto-immune diseases with the comprehension that such conditions may be the consequence of interaction of specific environmental stimuli and an array of several and interconnected gene polymorphisms. On the bulk of this transformation, the application of principles of pharmacogenetics may lead the way towards a progressively stronger personalized Medicine.Key words: autoimmunity, pharmacogenetics, gene polymorphism, auto-inflammatory diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE IN DIAGNOSIS PARADIGMSince ancient times, human beings have struggled to provide help to those suffering from the diverse illnesses that affect mankind and other living beings. Primitive paradigms were mainly based on instinct, mysticism and supernatural approaches. Dance rituals and magic medicines were the answer that those early professionals provided to the sufferers. With the advent of the early founders of the contemporary medical science in the Mediterranean area, a rational, observational and ethical approach was progressively established. Accordingly, the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches wereIn commemoration of the 75 th anniversary

Knowledge of parents/guardians about nocturnal bruxism in children and adolescents

“…It occurs by recognizing the characteristic sounds generated by the grinding of teeth at night. 16 Although parents recognize the noise, a lack of knowledge about the condition often does not cause them to look for a health service, as they credit the cause to other sources. 11 When questioned about the cause of bruxism, emotional factors were the most prevalent cause listed in the sample, similar to those found in the original study of Serra-Negra et al 10 In relation to the mystical/religious factors, although the study was performed in the same country and geographical region as the previously mentioned study, 11 no similar results were observed.…”

Evaluation of the Prevalence of Bruxism and Parents Awareness in Children Aged 4-7: A Cross-Sectional Clinical Study

“…32 Aslında diş gıcırdatma ve oluşan seslerin ilk tespitini aileler yapmaktadır ancak bu konudaki yetersiz bilgileri sebebi ile bu durumun tedavi edilmesi gerektiğini ön-göremedikleri bildirilmiştir. 33 Prado ve ark., ebeveynlerin bruksizm konusunda bilgilendirildikten sonra hem ebeveynlerde hem de çocuklarda bruksizm görülme sıklığının arttığını belirtmiştir. 19 Mevcut çalışmada, ebeveynlerin yalnızca %43,1'i bruksizm konusunda bilgi sahibi iken, %68,1'i sağlığı etkileyen bir rahatsızlık olup olmadığını bilmediğini, büyük çoğunluğu (%86,1) tedavisine dair bir bilgisi olmadığını ve %72,2'si de tedavisini bilmediğini bildirmiştir.…”

Combining the scenario technique with bibliometrics for technology foresight: The case of personalized medicine

“…; June, 2007). Some articles in the bibliographically coupled network produced evidence for the appearance of immunology in the field of personalized medicine (Leong et al, 2010;Andrade, 2009).…”