Future Directions for Research on the Development of Relational and Physical Peer Victimization

Ostrov, Jamie M.; Kamper, Kimberly E.

doi:10.1080/15374416.2015.1012723

Cited by 61 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…In addition to rejection by peers, impaired social skills, and aggression (McQuade & Hoza, ), growing evidence suggests that children with ADHD are more likely than children without the disorder to be victimized by peers (e.g., Becker, Mehari, Langberg, & Evans, ; Cardoos & Hinshaw, ; Humphrey, Storch, & Geffken, ; Sciberras, Ohan, & Anderson, ; Wiener & Mak, ). There has been increased acknowledgement that peer victimization can take multiple forms, with distinctions made between physical victimization that inflicts physical harm (e.g., hitting, physical intimidation) and relational victimization that harms one's relationships or social standing (e.g., slanderous gossip, social exclusion; Ostrov & Kamper, ). Whereas physical victimization is more commonly experienced by boys and reduces in frequency as children age, relational victimization is experienced equally by girls and boys and increases in frequency during early adolescence (Casper & Card, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences of physical and relational victimization in children with ADHD: The role of social problems and aggression

McQuade

Breslend

Groff³

2018

Aggressive Behavior

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The social risk factors for physical and relational peer victimization were examined within a mixed-gender sample of children with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Participants were 124 children (ages 8-12 years; 48% boys), with 47% exhibiting sub-clinical or clinical elevations in ADHD symptoms. ADHD and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptom counts were assessed based on parent- and teacher-reports; parents rated children's social problems and teachers rated children's use of physical and relational aggression and experiences of physical and relational victimization. A multiple mediator model was used to test whether there were indirect effects of ADHD or ODD symptoms on physical and relational victimization through social problems, physical aggression, or relational aggression. At the bivariate level, ADHD and ODD symptoms were both significantly associated with higher rates of physical and relational victimization. In the mediational model, there were significant indirect effects of ADHD symptoms on relational victimization via social problems, of ODD on relational victimization via relational aggression, and of ODD symptoms on physical victimization via physical aggression. Results suggest that there are distinct risk factors implicated in the physical and relational victimization of youth with ADHD and that the co-occurrence of ODD symptoms is important to assess. Clinical implications for addressing victimization in children with ADHD are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences of physical and relational victimization in children with ADHD: The role of social problems and aggression

McQuade

Breslend

Groff³

2018

Aggressive Behavior

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“… 1 There has been a call for research to use the term “physical victimization” rather than “overt victimization.” This call stems from awareness that relational victimization can also be overt in nature and that physical and verbal victimization, which are both components of overt victimization, may be distinct (e.g., Ostrov & Kamper, 2015). We use the terms “relational victimization” and “overt victimization” in this study because our measure of victimization includes items assessing relational victimization, physical victimization, and verbal insults and threats.…”

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confidence: 99%

Rumination about social stress mediates the association between peer victimization and depressive symptoms during middle childhood

Monti

Rudolph

Miernicki

2017

Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology

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Although prior research has established a link between exposure to peer victimization and depressive symptoms, relatively little is known about the processes underlying this association. This study examined whether maladaptive responses to a novel social stressor – specifically, lower levels of problem solving or higher levels of rumination – mediate this association. Data were gathered from 130 children (64 boys, 66 girls; M age = 9.46, SD = .33) who participated in a laboratory social stressor task with an unfamiliar peer. Results indicated that prior exposure to peer victimization in the school context was associated with ruminative responses to the novel stressor, which mediated the association between victimization and depressive symptoms. These results indicate that ruminative responses to social stress outside of the victimization context may serve as one process explaining the association between victimization and heightened depressive symptoms.

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“…Moreover, the mediating role of psychological adjustment should be explored taking into account the different forms of manifestations of victimization (physical, verbal, social), in line with future directions for research on peer victimization (Ostrov and Kamper, 2015). Other variables, such as family violence or exposure to violence should be of interest to be included in future research to assess the effect on the psychological dimensions and social adjustment.…”

Section: Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mediating Role of Psychological Adjustment between Peer Victimization and Social Adjustment in Adolescence

2016

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There is extensive scientific evidence of the serious psychological and social effects that peer victimization may have on students, among them internalizing problems such as anxiety or negative self-esteem, difficulties related to low self-efficacy and lower levels of social adjustment. Although a direct relationship has been observed between victimization and these effects, it has not yet been analyzed whether there is a relationship of interdependence between all these measures of psychosocial adjustment. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between victimization and difficulties related to social adjustment among high school students. To do so, various explanatory models were tested to determine whether psychological adjustment (negative self-esteem, social anxiety and social self-efficacy) could play a mediating role in this relationship, as suggested by other studies on academic adjustment. The sample comprised 2060 Spanish high school students (47.9% girls; mean age = 14.34). The instruments used were the scale of victimization from European Bullying Intervention Project Questionnaire, the negative scale from Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents and a general item about social self-efficacy, all of them self-reports. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The results confirmed the partial mediating role of negative self-esteem, social anxiety and social self-efficacy between peer victimization and social adjustment and highlight the importance of empowering victimized students to improve their self-esteem and self-efficacy and prevent social anxiety. Such problems lead to the avoidance of social interactions and social reinforcement, thus making it difficult for these students to achieve adequate social adjustment.

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Future Directions for Research on the Development of Relational and Physical Peer Victimization

Cited by 61 publications

References 95 publications

Experiences of physical and relational victimization in children with ADHD: The role of social problems and aggression

Experiences of physical and relational victimization in children with ADHD: The role of social problems and aggression

Rumination about social stress mediates the association between peer victimization and depressive symptoms during middle childhood

The Mediating Role of Psychological Adjustment between Peer Victimization and Social Adjustment in Adolescence

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