Future Development of an Energy-Efficient Electric Scooter Sharing System Based on a Stakeholder Analysis Method

Abstract

E-scooters as a new form of mobility are gaining more and more popularity. This popularity results from the flexibility of this mode of transport, but above all from the positive impact on the natural environment through the much higher energy efficiency of an e-scooter compared to a motor vehicle (according to the literature the rate is 2 km per kWh equivalent for a motor vehicle and the range is 90–100 km per kWh in the case of an e-scooter). This paper introduces a discussion on the future development of an energy-efficient electric scooter sharing system based on stakeholder analysis methods. The implementation of the e-scooter sharing system involves linking several areas of human activity, including social activity. This, in turn, relates to the interactions and building of relationships with entities, particularly those influencing the provision of services and their effects. The large number of entities and the complexity of the relations between them make it a challenge both to identify stakeholders in the development of the public e-scooter system and to indicate their roles in shaping the sustainable development strategy for urban mobility. The following study was based on the methodological foundations of stakeholder theory and social network analyses. The main research objective of the article is to identify and assign to different groups the stakeholders influencing the sustainable development of energy-efficient e-scooter sharing systems based on Polish cities. An evaluation was carried out using expert methods with a stakeholder analysis, based on matrix and mapping methods, and with the MACTOR application. Relationships and cooperation suggestions were established for each of the stakeholder groups, which could become an important part of the strategic approach to supporting public transport service providers and organizers, as well as allowing for further reductions in energy consumption in the city by introducing such services on a large scale. The cooperation of the entities participating in the implementation of bike-sharing services can contribute to their greater sustainable development and assurance using the new mobility modes, which consume less energy and at the same time make the city energy-efficient.

Burden and Patterns of Electric Scooter-Related Injuries: Insights From 2 Polish Emergency Departments

“…In agreement with White et al and the recognition of safety concerns raised by various stakeholders, we acknowledge the importance of cautious and collaborative integration of e-scooters into transportation planning [57], which, with due APPROVED GALLEY PROOF care, responsibility, and active collaboration among key stakeholders, holds substantial potential for success [58].…”

Electric vehicles adoption challenges in Oman: a comprehensive assessment and future prospects for sustainable cities

“…Essential factors that positively influence the development of an effective e-bike-sharing model include the digitalization of society, the cost of sharing, promotional programs, and the city's population size (Macioszek and Cieśla, 2022). The effective management of e-bike-sharing services should consider the role of all key stakeholders, viz., users of taxi-sharing services, employees, suppliers, investors, and financial institutions, as they influence the adoption and penetration of e-bike-sharing services in smart and sustainable cities (Macioszek et al, 2023).…”

Unveiling transportation disparities: investigating accessibility gaps in metropolitan cities using GIS—a case study of Alexandria, Egypt

“…As this distance exceeds a quarter mile (400 m), our inclination to utilize public transportation declines (Campbell, 2023), access should be insured for residents to the initial and final stops of public transport, (so-called final stops) as it is crucial. In highly developed nations, bike-sharing systems have proven to be highly successful in fulfilling this role (Macioszek and Cieśla, 2022), besides using public scooters as it showed success (Macioszek et al, 2023), as public scooters were tested in parts in Alexandria, and had succeeded in filling some gaps of transport.…”