Future Design for Sustainable Nature and Societies

Saijo, Tatsuyoshi

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-68074-9_145-1

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In envisioning a society for future generations, the limitations of conventional system designs, which have often fallen short and continue to burden future generations in various ways, must be considered (Saijo, 2020). To this end, a new approach was introduced in Japan in 2015, known as future design (FD; Saijo, 2019Saijo, , 2020Saijo, , 2022.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kamijo et al (2017) named this the intergenerational sustainability dilemma game. Various subsequent experimental studies have tested the effects of imaginary future persons and/or generations (Saijo, 2020(Saijo, , 2022.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current generation groups, however, tend to make policies for the present, substituting present problems for future ones (e.g., Hara et al, 2019). Mayor Shozo Takahashi of Yahaba town, who has observed this practice, declared in his 2018 policy speech that Yahaba is an FD town (Saijo, 2022). He also created a new Future Strategy Department to think about the town's policies from a future perspective and developed its top-level plan-a comprehensive plan that was formulated using the FD method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Futurability, Survivability, and the Non‐Steady State in the Intergenerational Sustainability Dilemma

Saijo

2024

PaG

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The three pillars of society—democracy, the market, and science and technology—are not systems that guarantee survival. This is because they will cause “future failures” that will eventually impose heavy burdens on future generations. Therefore, we need to design mechanisms to reinforce these three systems. This is called future design. Its basic concept is “futurability,” which is the ability of the current generation to prioritize the interests of future generations. This study examines the necessity of futurability, its background, and its relationship with intergenerational equity. In particular, using a simple numerical model in which the investment of the current generation affects the resources of future generations, this article shows that if each generation looks only to its own interests, humanity will face extinction. To ensure the survivability of humanity, each generation must demonstrate futurability, especially the importance of demonstrating futurability in a non-steady state.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Futurability, Survivability, and the Non‐Steady State in the Intergenerational Sustainability Dilemma

Saijo

2024

PaG

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“…Contract theory allows people to respect each other's vital interests based on an agreement; however, future generations cannot be parties to the agreement (Gardiner, 2009). Reforms to political institutions have been proposed to ensure that decision-making considers the interests of future generations (Gonzalez-Ricoy & Gosseries, 2016;Hiromitsu, 2024;Kinski & Whiteside, 2023;Saijo, 2022;Smith, 2021). Saijo (2022) conducted experiments in which imaginary future generations, representing the interests of the future, were introduced into current decision-making and showed that decisions were more aligned with such interests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reforms to political institutions have been proposed to ensure that decision-making considers the interests of future generations (Gonzalez-Ricoy & Gosseries, 2016;Hiromitsu, 2024;Kinski & Whiteside, 2023;Saijo, 2022;Smith, 2021). Saijo (2022) conducted experiments in which imaginary future generations, representing the interests of the future, were introduced into current decision-making and showed that decisions were more aligned with such interests. In addition to reforming political institutions, research has explored the conditions under which policies aligned with the interests of future generations can win the support of current generations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Moral Principles in Resolving Intergenerational Conflicts of Interest

Hiromitsu

2024

PaG

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With the increase of human power, intergenerational conflicts of interest have emerged as new problems, particularly in terms of environmental and financial sustainability. This study examined the role of moral principles in inducing people to act, taking into account the interests of future generations. A survey was conducted among a representative sample of Japanese citizens to investigate the function of eight moral principles in resolving conflicts in terms of participants’ assessment of the appropriateness of the principles and their willingness to follow them. With respect to the absolute level of the function of moral principles, the results offer some, albeit cautious, promise of a strategy to resolve conflicts through moral principles. Overall, participants responded positively to these principles. Furthermore, the survey revealed that older and more educated individuals responded better. Given their leading roles in society, this finding supports the use of the principles. However, it also suggests that reaching out to those who did not respond to the strategy is challenging. The study revealed that a non-negligible proportion of respondents had only weak responses to any of the principles and that they either needed to be exposed to different principles or provided with different resources to develop sensitivity to moral ideas. The survey also revealed the relative order of principles. Egalitarianism and utilitarianism scored lower, but some principles, including Mill’s harm principle and Scheffler’s argument that the survival of humanity and the world itself has value, scored higher.

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Recursive expectations approach in policymaking

Kobayashi

2023

IJEPS

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The primary contribution of modern economics to policy analysis may be the recognition of the crucial role of expectations in policy intervention. The essence of expectations is to think about others’ thinking. We argue that policymakers need recursive thinking, that is, the ability to think about thinking and review three policy episodes related to the lack of recursive thinking. We see that the disciplinary divide or the limited scope of recursive thinking on the side of policymakers can cause huge damage to social welfare in times of crisis. Finally, we consider two examples of future agendas in the recursive approach.

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Future Design for Sustainable Nature and Societies

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

Futurability, Survivability, and the Non‐Steady State in the Intergenerational Sustainability Dilemma

Futurability, Survivability, and the Non‐Steady State in the Intergenerational Sustainability Dilemma

The Role of Moral Principles in Resolving Intergenerational Conflicts of Interest

Recursive expectations approach in policymaking

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