“…Radiation damage in materials is a complex function of two competing basic phenomena (nuclear reactions and elastic collisions) for the primary damage and the specific characteristics of each material components, as well as temperature, for the later evolution of the initial effects (see Litnovsky et al (2020) for a more detailed description of reactor materials). Elastic collisions induce atomic displacement of the ions inside the materials giving rise to point defects and nuclear reactions give rise to material activation and impurification.…”