Fusion of correlated decisions for writer verification

Writer verification based on a single handwriting word samples

“…The application domain has always driven the motivations of such choices. However, writer verification has received much less interest compared to writer identification [17][18][19][20].…”

“…The authors in [12,18,21] used one to several pages; authors in [11] used paragraphs. However, only few studies [20,22] have tried to follow an experimental setup where only small samples are available to identify or authenticate the writer, facing similar conditions than forensic examiners may be confronted to. This is mainly due to the fact that sample size affects mainly the system's performance.…”

“…Indeed, most of the approaches did not take any advantage from the particularity or the textual content of the script, since they process the samples as simple images [12,16,20], thus showing that the systems might be adapted to different scripts provided some training data are available.…”

“…Few authors only [20,22,25] ventured to use one word for both training and testing. Indeed, the authors in [22] tried to authenticate writers based on a single word by cutting out the word and transforming it into a six-dimensional time series and compared it by means of DTW methods.…”

“…The authors in [20] proposed an approach, to authenticate the writer, based on horizontal and vertical projections for the different regions of the handwritten word. They evaluated their approach on a small dataset (English and Greek) made of 20 different writers who provided each 120 samples from the same sentence.…”