Fusel Oil

Webb, A. Dinsmoor; Ingraham, John L.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2164(08)70014-5

Cited by 131 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…1), the transamination of group B compounds leads to keto acids undergoing decarboxylation to aldehydes which are in turn converted by dehydrogenases into long-chain or complex alcohols. The amino acid derivatives generated by this so-called Ehrlich pathway (100,115,135) are toxic and thus excreted by the cell, and this contributes to the formation of fusel oils. The mechanisms involved in the excretion of aldehydes and higher alcohols remain unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to the group A nitrogen sources and except for leucine, these nitrogen sources support slow growth (generation time, Ͼ4 h). Moreover, it is known that the catabolism of these compounds leads to nonmetabolizable products that the cell must excrete and from which fusel oils derive (115,132,135). Finally, the classification of the remaining nitrogen sources, namely, valine, phenylalanine, ornithine, proline, GABA, and citrulline, depends strongly on the clustering technique applied.…”

Section: General Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of 21 Different Nitrogen Sources on Global Gene Expression in the YeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae

Godard

Urrestarazu

Vissers

et al. 2007

Molecular and Cellular Biology

217

270

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We compared the transcriptomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells growing under steady-state conditions on 21 unique sources of nitrogen. We found 506 genes differentially regulated by nitrogen and estimated the activation degrees of all identified nitrogen-responding transcriptional controls according to the nitrogen source. One main group of nitrogenous compounds supports fast growth and a highly active nitrogen catabolite repression (NCR) control. Catabolism of these compounds typically yields carbon derivatives directly assimilable by a cell's metabolism. Another group of nitrogen compounds supports slower growth, is associated with excretion by cells of nonmetabolizable carbon compounds such as fusel oils, and is characterized by activation of the general control of amino acid biosynthesis (GAAC). Furthermore, NCR and GAAC appear interlinked, since expression of the GCN4 gene encoding the transcription factor that mediates GAAC is subject to NCR. We also observed that several transcriptional-regulation systems are active under a wider range of nitrogen supply conditions than anticipated. Other transcriptional-regulation systems acting on genes not involved in nitrogen metabolism, e.g., the pleiotropic-drug resistance and the unfolded-protein response systems, also respond to nitrogen. We have completed the lists of target genes of several nitrogen-sensitive regulons and have used sequence comparison tools to propose functions for about 20 orphan genes. Similar studies conducted for other nutrients should provide a more complete view of alternative metabolic pathways in yeast and contribute to the attribution of functions to many other orphan genes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of 21 Different Nitrogen Sources on Global Gene Expression in the YeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae

Godard

Urrestarazu

Vissers

et al. 2007

Molecular and Cellular Biology

217

270

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These data suggest that Phe availability (concentration) is a limiting factor in vivo for cinnamate production by strains expressing PAL alone, but that triple expressers are able to catalyze the conversion of Phe to p-coumarate very efficiently even at the low Phe concentrations produced endogenously by yeast. to phenylacetaldehyde, and reduction of phenylacetaldehyde to phenylethanol (34). Additional phenolic compounds such as phenylacetate could be synthesized from these catabolic intermediates.…”

Section: Phenolic Product Accumulation In Yeastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstitution of the Entry Point of Plant Phenylpropanoid Metabolism in Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)

Douglas

2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

120

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“…In addition, it also produces a number of long chain and complex alcohols including isoamyl alcohol, isobutanol, active amyl alcohol, 2-phenylethanol, and tryptophol (1). These are all important flavor and aroma compounds in yeast-fermented products and have interesting organoleptic properties in their own right, many of which are both concentration-and context-dependent.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Catabolism of Amino Acids to Long Chain and Complex Alcohols in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Dickinson

Salgado

Hewlins

2003

Journal of Biological Chemistry

306

249

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The catabolism of phenylalanine to 2-phenylethanol and of tryptophan to tryptophol were studied by 13 C NMR spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Phenylalanine and tryptophan are first deaminated (to 3-phenylpyruvate and 3-indolepyruvate, respectively) and then decarboxylated. This decarboxylation can be effected by any of Pdc1p, Pdc5p, Pdc6p, or Ydr380wp; Ydl080cp has no role in the catabolism of either amino acid. We also report that in leucine catabolism Ydr380wp is the minor decarboxylase. Hence, all amino acid catabolic pathways studied to date use a subtly different spectrum of decarboxylases from the five-membered family that comprises Pdc1p, Pdc5p, Pdc6p, Ydl080cp, and Ydr380wp. Using strains containing all possible combinations of mutations affecting the seven AAD genes (putative aryl alcohol dehydrogenases), five ADH genes, and SFA1, showed that the final step of amino acid catabolism (conversion of an aldehyde to a long chain or complex alcohol) can be accomplished by any one of the ethanol dehydrogenases (Adh1p, Adh2p, Adh3p, Adh4p, Adh5p) or by Sfa1p (formaldehyde dehydrogenase.)

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Fusel Oil

Cited by 131 publications

References 68 publications

Effect of 21 Different Nitrogen Sources on Global Gene Expression in the YeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae

Effect of 21 Different Nitrogen Sources on Global Gene Expression in the YeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae

Reconstitution of the Entry Point of Plant Phenylpropanoid Metabolism in Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)

The Catabolism of Amino Acids to Long Chain and Complex Alcohols in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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