Fused filament fabrication of scaffolds for tissue engineering; how realistic is shape-memory? A review

Bayart, Marie; Charlon, S.; Soulestin, J.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123440

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…Germany) at 1 kV. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scans (%), defined as the ability of the material to hold its temporary shape after the programming step was calculated by 12,31 :…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy and Microcomputed Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, they can be actuated or reverted back to their original shape through external stimuli, such as heat. 8,12 Shape memory properties of aliphatic polyesters such as recovery stress and strain have been found to improve after augmentation or combination with copolymers or by filling the polymer matrix with dispersed high modulus inorganic particles. 10,13 Of note, polylactic acid (PLA) has garnered prominence due to its favorable biocompatibility and biodegradability-through hydrolytic degeneration via de-esterification, after which the body's natural pathway helps remove the monomeric compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 3D printing of materials that exhibit shape memory effect would not only involve sequential deposition (onto a suitable substrate) but also the addition of a temporal dimension to 3D-printed structures through a stimulus-to trigger transformative responses in the construct. 12 Current literature pertaining to the fabrication of polymer-bioceramic composites through 3D printing has extensively focused on utilizing fused deposition modeling (FDM). FDM typically occurs at elevated temperatures, which could hamper the thermomechanical response (shape memory effect) of the printed constructs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct inkjet writing of polylactic acid/β‐tricalcium phosphate composites for bone tissue regeneration: A proof‐of‐concept study

Nayak,

Sanjairaj,

Behera

et al. 2024

J Biomed Mater Res

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There is an ever‐evolving need of customized, anatomic‐specific grafting materials for bone regeneration. More specifically, biocompatible and osteoconductive materials, that may be configured dynamically to fit and fill defects, through the application of an external stimulus. The objective of this study was to establish a basis for the development of direct inkjet writing (DIW)‐based shape memory polymer‐ceramic composites for bone tissue regeneration applications and to establish material behavior under thermomechanical loading. Polymer‐ceramic (polylactic acid [PLA]/β‐tricalcium phosphate [β‐TCP]) colloidal gels were prepared of different w/w ratios (90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, and 50/50) through polymer dissolution in acetone (15% w/v). Cytocompatibility was analyzed through Presto Blue assays. Rheological properties of the colloidal gels were measured to determine shear‐thinning capabilities. Gels were then extruded through a custom‐built DIW printer. Space filling constructs of the gels were printed and subjected to thermomechanical characterization to measure shape fixity (Rf) and shape recovery (Rr) ratios through five successive shape memory cycles. The polymer‐ceramic composite gels exhibited shear‐thinning capabilities for extrusion through a nozzle for DIW. A significant increase in cellular viability was observed with the addition of β‐TCP particles within the polymer matrix relative to pure PLA. Shape memory effect in the printed constructs was repeatable up to 4 cycles followed by permanent deformation. While further research on scaffold macro‐/micro‐geometries, and engineered porosities are warranted, this proof‐of‐concept study suggested suitability of this polymer‐ceramic material and the DIW 3D printing workflow for the production of customized, patient specific constructs for bone tissue engineering.

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“…Germany) at 1 kV. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scans (%), defined as the ability of the material to hold its temporary shape after the programming step was calculated by 12,31 :…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy and Microcomputed Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct inkjet writing of polylactic acid/β‐tricalcium phosphate composites for bone tissue regeneration: A proof‐of‐concept study

Nayak,

Sanjairaj,

Behera

et al. 2024

J Biomed Mater Res

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show abstract

“…Hydrogels (14%), tissue engineering (13%), and bioprinting (10%) have the maximum split in this cluster. The fused filament fabrication of additive manufacturing has the possibility of printing complex parts like scaffolds for tissue engineering [61]. Others contributing to this cluster are scaffolds (9%), biomimetics (9%), computer‐aided design (7%), and medial applications (6%).…”

Section: The Research Hotspots and Trends Of 4d Printingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge mapping of 4D printing technologies in computer engineering

Lamba

Sood

Rawat

et al. 2022

Comp Applic In Engineering

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Four‐dimensional (4D) printing has received an amplified consideration in the research community for fabrication and manufacturing in industry, medical field, and smart flood management. Disruptive technologies such as Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, and 4D printing are highly recommended during disaster management activities. The 4D printing technology is an evolving field that is an advancement of three‐dimensional printing technologies in which the materials are programmed to change shape over time responding to external stimulus without human intervention, thereby adding a fourth dimension. The technology had a great impact during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and flood management activities. This paper, with the aim of a scientometric review, recognizes the recent research hotspots, trends, and worldwide scope of 4D printing for the period of 2007–2021. The bibliographic data fetched from the Scopus in comma‐separated values format is used in the study for extracting the masked information by discussing the in‐depth visualization of the attributes of the index documents. The study examines the growth of publications, subject categorizations, global distributions, citation analysis, and the influence of the institutions and authors using the bibliographic data. VOSviewer, a java‐based tool, is used to study the keyword co‐occurrence, which yields hotspots and emerging trends in the various applications of 4D printing, including smart flood management. This study provides the implementation, latest trends, and universal research topography over the past decade, which assists to recognize primitive research and also provides supervision for the upcoming research.

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“…The ease by which complex shapes can be modelled and fabricated using FFF is of growing interest in tissue engineering, where extruded polymers can be used to produced scaffolds [11,12]. PLA filament can be blended or mixed with additional biomaterials components such as chitosan [13], antibacterial alloys [14], lignin [15], structural metals [16], and hydroxyapatite [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 3D Printing of Freestanding PLLA Thin Layers and Improving First Layer Consistency through the Introduction of Sacrificial PVA

et al. 2021

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Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is an inexpensive way of producing objects through a programmed layer-by-layer deposition. For multi-layer, macro-scaled prints, acceptable printing is achieved provided, amongst other factors, first layer adhesion is sufficient to fix a part to the surface during printing. However, in the deposition of structures with a single or few layers, first layer consistency is significantly more important and is an issue that has been previously overlooked. As layer-to-bed adhesion is prioritised in first layer printing, thin layer structures are difficult to remove without damage. The deposition of controllable thin structures has potential in tissue engineering through the use of bioactive filaments and incorporation of microfeatures into complex, patient-specific scaffolds. This paper presents techniques to progress the deposition of thin, reproducible structures. The linear thickness variation of 3D-printed single PVA and PLLA layers is presented as a function of extrusion factor and the programmed vertical distance moved by the nozzle between layers (the layer separation). A sacrificial PVA layer is shown to significantly improve first layer consistency, reducing the onus on fine printer calibration in the deposition of single layers. In this way, the linear variation in printed single PLLA layers with bed deviation is drastically reduced. Further, this technique is used to demonstrate the printing of freestanding thin layers of ~25 µm in thickness.

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Fused filament fabrication of scaffolds for tissue engineering; how realistic is shape-memory? A review

Cited by 16 publications

References 139 publications

Direct inkjet writing of polylactic acid/β‐tricalcium phosphate composites for bone tissue regeneration: A proof‐of‐concept study

Direct inkjet writing of polylactic acid/β‐tricalcium phosphate composites for bone tissue regeneration: A proof‐of‐concept study

Knowledge mapping of 4D printing technologies in computer engineering

The 3D Printing of Freestanding PLLA Thin Layers and Improving First Layer Consistency through the Introduction of Sacrificial PVA

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