Fused Filament Fabricated Polypropylene Composite Reinforced by Aligned Glass Fibers

Shulga, Eugene; Karamov, Radmir; Sergeichev, Ivan; Konev, Stepan; Shurygina, L. I.; Akhatov, Iskander; Shandakov, Sergey D.; Nasibulin, Albert G.

doi:10.3390/ma13163442

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Coatings 2021, 11, 601 2 of 21 carbon [11][12][13], glass [14][15][16][17], Kevlar [18,19]. Recent studies have investigated the mechanical performance of composites manufactured by the FFF process with short or continuous carbon fibers with various polymeric matrices made from PLA [20,21], ABS [22,23], and PEEK [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Characterization of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Sandwich Structures Obtained by Fused Filament Fabrication Process

et al. 2021

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The application of fused filament fabrication processes is rapidly expanding in many domains such as aerospace, automotive, medical, and energy, mainly due to the flexibility of manufacturing structures with complex geometries in a short time. To improve the mechanical properties of lightweight sandwich structures, the polymer matrix can be strengthened with different materials, such as carbon fibers and glass fibers. In this study, fiber-reinforced composite sandwich structures were fabricated by FFF process and their mechanical properties were characterized. In order to conduct the mechanical tests for three-point bending, tensile strength, and impact behavior, two types of skins were produced from chopped carbon-fiber-reinforced skin using a core reinforced with chopped glass fiber at three infill densities of 100%, 60%, and 20%. Using microscopic analysis, the behavior of the breaking surfaces and the most common defects on fiber-reinforced composite sandwich structures were analyzed. The results of the mechanical tests indicated a significant influence of the filling density in the case of the three-point bending and impact tests. In contrast, the filling density does not decisively influence the structural performance of tensile tests of the fiber-reinforced composite sandwich structures. Composite sandwich structures, manufactured by fused filament fabrication process, were analyzed in terms of strength-to-mass ratio. Finite element analysis of the composite sandwich structures was performed to analyze the bending and tensile behavior.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Characterization of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Sandwich Structures Obtained by Fused Filament Fabrication Process

et al. 2021

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“…The method combining AE, 42,43 DIC 18,36,44 method, and Micro-CT 45 technology is useful to study the deformation and damage evolution of composites during flexural tests. The strain field on the specimen surface is obtained by DIC, the damage behavior inside the specimen is monitored by AE signal and the characteristics of internal damage morphology is characterized by Micro CT.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation on the mechanical behavior and damage of 3D printed composites under three-point bending

Zhang

Pan

et al. 2022

Journal of Composite Materials

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Three-dimensional (3D) printing has been triumphantly applied for the manufacture of various composite components. In this work, acoustic emission (AE), X-ray micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) are used in conjunction with digital image correlation (DIC) measurement to investigate the mechanical behaviors of 3D printed continuous fiber reinforced composites under three-point bending test. Meanwhile, several mechanical experiments are carried out to study the flexural properties of three kinds of composite specimens, among which the specimens with larger glass fiber content exhibit more superior mechanical properties. Furthermore, AE response characterizations and microscopic damage morphology are also examined. In consequence, the complementary nondestructive testing (NDT) technology combining AE, DIC, and Micro CT is successfully applied to evaluate the mechanical behaviors of 3D printed composites, and the flexural deformation and damage are comparatively investigated for different composite specimens. The cross-validation results of cluster analysis (k-means), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and principal component analysis (PCA) show that AE parameters including frequency, amplitude, and RA value (rise time divided by peak amplitude) are closely associated with the damage process of different specimens. The results show that the PCA can confirm the selected K-means cluster analysis parameters (peak frequency and peak amplitude) and the dimensionality reduction effects of 20% glass fiber specimens have the best results, indicating that the proportion of the principal components extracted can represent the original parameters is 81%. It was also confirmed that the supervised learning KNN algorithm corresponding to different damage patterns can verify the unsupervised learning k-means cluster. Correspondingly, the strain fields characterized by DIC are reasonably matched with the AE signal responses. In addition, the critical damage and delamination mechanisms of the 3D printed continuous fiber reinforced composites are clearly revealed by Micro-CT characterization.

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“…On the other hand, due to the structural complexity of fiber‐reinforced composites, it is essential to employ more efficient methods to explore and visualize initial damage and microdamage evolution inside specimens. As a nondestructive testing method, microcomputed tomography (micro‐CT) is able to reconstruct internal structure details of composite materials through X‐ray scanning 29,30 . Based on micro‐CT observation, Patel et al 31 built finite element models for hybrid 3D woven composites and failure analyses of specimens in multiscale frame were further conducted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a nondestructive testing method, microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) is able to reconstruct internal structure details of composite materials through X-ray scanning. 29,30 Based on micro-CT observation, Patel et al 31 built finite element models for hybrid 3D woven composites and failure analyses of specimens in multiscale frame were further conducted. Chisena et al 32 segmented CT images into three phases including pore, Nylon and short carbon fiber based on mixed Skew-Gaussian distribution algorithm, and the positions and sizes of pore defects in the specimen were determined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features of acoustic emission and micro‐CT of 3D‐printed continuous Kevlar fiber‐reinforced composites during progressive damage under flexural load

Liu

Wang

Song

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Failure mechanism and its characterization methods of 3D‐printed fiber‐reinforced composites are still needed thorough investigation. In this work, typical 3D‐printed composites reinforced with 10% and 20% continuous Kevlar fiber are prepared, respectively, three point bending progressive damage experiments are carried out, and the damage evolution are real‐time monitored by acoustic emission (AE) technology. When load reaches the maximum value and failure point, microcomputed tomography (micro‐CT) observations are performed for loaded specimens to explore inside damages. Results show that bending strength of Specimen B (20% fiber) increases by 23% relative to Specimen A (10% fiber). Cumulative count and energy of AE signals are higher for Specimen B, and K‐means clustering algorithm is employed for deep analysis of AE signals. Three damage modes including matrix crack, fiber/matrix debonding, and fiber fracture are clustered and validated by micro‐CT, indicating that the combination of AE and micro‐CT is effective for the characterization of damage evolution of composites. Debonding due to poor adhesion between fiber and matrix is the main damage mode of 3D‐printed Kevlar fiber‐reinforced composites, and damages of Specimen B concentrated in the later stage. This work provides failure characterization methods for 3D‐printed fiber‐reinforced composites.

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Fused Filament Fabricated Polypropylene Composite Reinforced by Aligned Glass Fibers

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

Fabrication and Characterization of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Sandwich Structures Obtained by Fused Filament Fabrication Process

Fabrication and Characterization of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Sandwich Structures Obtained by Fused Filament Fabrication Process

Experimental investigation on the mechanical behavior and damage of 3D printed composites under three-point bending

Features of acoustic emission and micro‐CT of 3D‐printed continuous Kevlar fiber‐reinforced composites during progressive damage under flexural load

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