Fusarium spp. In wheat grain in the Czech Republic analysed by PCR method

Abstract

A complex of Fusarium spp. causes Fusarium head blight (FHB) on wheat and also on barley. Infection with FHB results not only in yield loss, but also causes depreciation of the harvested product due to the accumulation of toxins such as deoxynivalenol produced by Fusarium spp. The flowering time is a very susceptible period for primary infection. One reason might be that during this period spores can get into the opened wheat florets where they may later cause infection.Initial symptoms of infection of a wheat ear are visible whitening and drying of individual spikelets or entire parts of the ear. If the florets became infected shortly after blooming, grains are often not formed, while other infected spikelets have grains with various deformities, shrunken and with pinkwhite coloration (Klem & Tvarůžek 2005).The main aim of experiments was detection of Fusarium species on wheat grains by using of the PCR methods. A quite different situation was found in the occurrence of the fourth species -F. poae. In the years 2005 and 2006 it was only detected in 10%, resp. 2% of the samples, compared to markedly higher occurrences in the previous years. A comparison of the current weather development with the long-term mean at the Troubsko locality suggests that years with a relatively long, wet and cold start of the growing season and warmer end of vegetation (late May-July) will favour F. graminearum.

Contamination of Wheat Grains with Species of Genera Fusarium in Different Localities of Slovakia in 2006-2008

“…1). A similar trend was observed in Poland (Stepień et al 2008), Czech Republic (Nedělník et al 2007), Austria (Adler et al 2002), the Netherlands (Waalvijk et al 2003). One explanation could be mono-cultivation of wheat, minimizing tillage (Lukanowski & Sadowski 2002) and growing of maize as a forecrop, crop residues of maize are the main source of F. graminearum.…”

Wheat Growing and Quality in Organic Farming

“…Harvested products are contaminated due to the accumulation of toxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON) produced by Fusarium spp. (Nedělník et al, 2007). Mean grain contamination rates did not exceed the permitted limit norms (1.25 mg/kg = limit for contamination according to EC Regulation No.…”

Soil Management Technologies and Mycotoxin Contamination of Wheat and Barley Grain

“…A large number of species from the genus Fusarium are involved in FHB's development, but the most frequent and most significant of these are F. graminearum, F. culmorum, F. avenaceum, and F. poae (Bai *Corresponding author;Phone: +420 573 317 113 and Shaner 1994; Nicholson et al 2003;Landschoot et al 2012). The species F. grami nearum and F. culmorum are predominant within the Czech Republic (Nedělník et al 2007;Váňová et al 2008). The most recent studies across Europe have indicated a rising proportion of F. poae (Audenaert et al 2009;Lindblad et al 2013).…”