Fusarium Oxysporum F. Sp. Radicis-Lycopersici – the Cause of Fusarium Crown and Root Rot in Tomato Cultivation

Abstract

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) leading to fusarium crown and root rot is one of the most destructive soilborne diseases of tomatoes occurring in greenhouse and field crops. Physiological races of FORL were not defined but nine vegetative compatibility groups (VGCs) were identified. Infection followed by wounds and natural holes and infection is not systemic. The optimum soil temperature for pathogen development is 18°C. Infection may cause plants to wilt and die completely or infection may lower fruit quality. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici has the ability to produce a specific enzyme, tomatinase, which breaks down α-tomatine and protects the pathogen. In contrast tomato also has a defence system which consists of the enzymes chitinase and β-1, 3-glucanase. Tomato resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici is determined by a single dominant gene Frl, localized on the long arm of chromosome 9. It was introduced to cultivars from Licopersicum peruvianum (L.) Mill.

Extractos de Larrea tridentata como una estrategia ecológica contra Fusarium oxysporum radicis-lycopersici en plantas de tomate bajo condiciones de invernadero

“…radicis-lycopersici (Forl). La PCT es una de las enfermedades más destructivas, ya que ocasiona pér-didas en el rendimiento de sistemas de producción de invernadero y campo abierto (Szczechura et al, 2013). Entre los daños que causan a las plantas destacan el retraso en el crecimiento, la pudrición radical y lesiones necróticas extensas en el cuello y base del tallo y por consiguiente la senescencia considered as part of an integrated management plan for the control of crown rot in tomatoes caused by Fusarium oxysporum radicis-lycopersici.…”

“…radicis-lycopersici (Forl). TCR is one of the most destructive diseases, since it causes losses in the yields of greenhouse and field production systems (Szczechura et al, 2013). Some of the most important damages caused to plants include growth delay, root rotting, large necrotic wounds in the neck and base of the stem, and therefore senescence (McGovern, 2015).…”

In vitro effect of two fungicides on pathogenic fungi causing root rot on tomato in Algeria

“…radicis-lycopersici (Forl) leading to Fusarium crown and root rot is one of the most destructive soil borne diseases of tomatoes occurring in greenhouse and field crop (Szczechura et al, 2013) F. oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici has a greater host range than F. oxysporum f. sp.…”

Inducción de respuesta de defensa en plantas de tomate contra Forl por extracto de ajo

“…radicis-lycopersici (Forl), llegando a reducir los rendimientos de cosecha hasta un 50% (Apodaca et al, 2004). El patógeno puede sobrevivir en el suelo por largos períodos de tiempo, infectando las plantas, a través de heridas en la raíz o durante la formación de nuevas raíces (Szczechura et al, 2013). Una buena estrategia de control de la enfermedad, es el uso de variedades resistentes y el uso de injertos (Carrillo-Fasio et al, 2003).…”

“…radicis-lycopersici (Forl), which reduces harvested yields up to 50% (Apodaca et al, 2004). The pathogen can survive in the soil for long periods of time and infects plants through cuts in the roots or when new roots are forming (Szczechura et al, 2013). A good strategy for controlling the disease is to use resistant varieties and grafting (Carrillo-Fasio et al, 2003).…”