Fusarium oxysporum
              colonizes the stem of resistant tomato plants, the extent varying with the R-gene present

Does, H. Charlotte van der; Constantin, Maria E.; Houterman, Petra M.; Takken, Frank L. W.; Cornelissen, Ben J. C.; Haring, Michel A.; Burg, H.A. van den; Rep, Martijn

doi:10.1007/s10658-018-1596-3

Cited by 31 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…A similar difference was reported for other systems, like the interaction between tomato and Fo47 or Forl. Two weeks post-inoculation Fo47 biomass was 10-fold less than that of the pathogen (Validov et al, 2011). These observations imply that in early stages of the interaction Fo endophytes are less efficient root colonizers than pathogens.…”

Section: Host Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Horizontal transfer of a pathogenicity chromosome from Fol to Fo47 turned the endophyte into a tomato pathogen (Ma et al, 2010). Subsequent studies revealed that chromosome transfer from a cucurbit-infecting Fo strain could transform Fo47 into a cucurbit pathogen (van Dam et al, 2017). Vice versa, loss of a dispensable pathogenicity chromosome from a Fol strain resulted in loss of pathogenicity (Vlaardingerbroek et al, 2016).…”

Section: F Oxysporum Endophytism and Pathogenicity Are Genetically Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…infecting the same host, while they are divergent for those infecting other plant species, thereby allowing distinction of ff.spp. based on their effector profiles (Lievens et al, 2009;van Dam et al, 2018). Hence, in contrast to phylogenetic analyses, Fo effectorome exploration proves a powerful tool to predict pathogenicity and the potential plant host for a given strain.…”

Section: F Oxysporum Endophytism and Pathogenicity Are Genetically Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biocontrol by Fusarium oxysporum Using Endophyte-Mediated Resistance

2020

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Interactions between plants and the root-colonizing fungus Fusarium oxysporum (Fo) can be neutral, beneficial, or detrimental for the host. Fo is infamous for its ability to cause wilt, root-, and foot-rot in many plant species, including many agronomically important crops. However, Fo also has another face; as a root endophyte, it can reduce disease caused by vascular pathogens such as Verticillium dahliae and pathogenic Fo strains. Fo also confers protection to root pathogens like Pythium ultimum, but typically not to pathogens attacking above-ground tissues such as Botrytis cinerea or Phytophthora capsici. Endophytes confer biocontrol either directly by interacting with pathogens via mycoparasitism, antibiosis, or by competition for nutrients or root niches, or indirectly by inducing resistance mechanisms in the host. Fo endophytes such as Fo47 and CS-20 differ from Fo pathogens in their effector gene content, host colonization mechanism, location in the plant, and induced host-responses. Whereas endophytic strains trigger localized cell death in the root cortex, and transiently induce immune signaling and papilla formation, these responses are largely suppressed by pathogenic Fo strains. The ability of pathogenic strains to compromise immune signaling and cell death is likely attributable to their host-specific effector repertoire. The lower number of effector genes in endophytes as compared to pathogens provides a means to distinguish them from each other. Coinoculation of a biocontrol-conferring Fo and a pathogenic Fo strain on tomato reduces disease, and although the pathogen still colonizes the xylem vessels this has surprisingly little effect on the xylem sap proteome composition. In this tripartite interaction the accumulation of just two PR proteins, NP24 (a PR-5) and a b-glucanase, was affected. The Fo-induced resistance response in tomato appears to be distinct from induced systemic resistance (ISR) or systemic acquired resistance (SAR), as the phytohormones jasmonate, ethylene, and salicylic acid are not required. In this review, we summarize our molecular understanding of Fo-induced resistance in a model and identify caveats in our knowledge.

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Section: Host Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: F Oxysporum Endophytism and Pathogenicity Are Genetically Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: F Oxysporum Endophytism and Pathogenicity Are Genetically Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biocontrol by Fusarium oxysporum Using Endophyte-Mediated Resistance

2020

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“…The isolations were conducted at various times during July 2018-September 2019 and a total of up to 350 symptomatic plants (as stock plants, rooted cuttings, vegetative plants or flowering plants) of 10 strains (genotypes) were included depending on what was in production (Table 1). Plants were propagated either in coco fibre (coco coir) substrate from various suppliers or in rockwool blocks (Grodan) and were provided with the appropriate nutrient regimes and lighting conditions as required for commercial hydroponic production (Small 2017). The environmental conditions during the periods over which isolations were conducted varied according to the production facility, with temperatures in the range of 24-32°C and relative humidity in the range of 50% to 85%.…”

Section: Isolations From Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Fusarium oxysporum causing root and crown rot of cannabis (Cannabis sativa L., marijuana) plants in commercial greenhouse production

Punja

2020

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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Fusarium oxysporum causes root browning and crown infection on marijuana (Cannabis sativa L.) plants, resulting in stunted growth, yellowing of leaves, and plant death. Pathogen presence and diversity were assessed in samples of diseased crowns, stems, pith tissues and roots from five commercial production facilities in British Columbia and Ontario. PCR of the elongation factor (EF-1 α) region and sequence analysis confirmed the identity and phylogenetic relationships among 33 representative isolates from over 200 isolates collected. Stock (mother) plants of eight cannabis strains (genotypes) with symptoms of yellowing, crown rot and internal stem decay yielded F. oxysporum at a frequency of 70-100%. Cuttings obtained from asymptomatic plants showed pathogen recovery rates of 1-2% on potato dextrose agar at distances of 90-150 cm from the crowns. Symptoms of damping-off were observed on cuttings in a rooting and propagation facility. Pathogenicity tests confirmed the development of characteristic symptoms on cuttings and rooted plants inoculated with F. oxysporum. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that isolates of F. oxysporum from BC belonged to a separate clade from ON isolates and that clonal spread was occurring within licenced facilities. Air sampling conducted in a greenhouse facility revealed F. oxysporum was present in areas used for rooting, vegetative propagation, and where stock plants were grown. The pathogen was also recovered from inflorescences. These findings indicate that F. oxysporum is present in several commercial production facilities in Canada and reduces root development and establishment of rooted cuttings, and causes yellowing and stunting on flowering plants of many cannabis strains.

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“…Bioassays were performed either on the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) line C32 or Money Maker, susceptible to Fusarium wilt, or on the wild tomato relatives S. pimpinellifolium (accession LA1578) and S. chmielewskii (accessions LA1840, LA2663 and LA2695) in a climate-controlled greenhouse with a day-night temperature of 25 • C, 16 h light/ 8 h dark, and a relative humidity of 65%. Fol029 (race 3, sFP2381, carrying phleomycin resistance [18]) and Fo47 (sFP1544, carrying hygromycin resistance, [19]) were inoculated on the aforementioned tomato lines. Bioassays using various Fusarium species were performed on the tomato line C32 using the wild-type pathogen Fol4287 (sFP801) [20], and endophyte Fo47 (sFP730) [10], F. hostae (sFP2236), F. proliferatum (sFP2240), F. redolens (sFP4856) [21], and F. solani (sFP895).…”

Section: Plant Lines and Fungal Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diminished Pathogen and Enhanced Endophyte Colonization upon CoInoculation of Endophytic and Pathogenic Fusarium Strains

et al. 2020

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Root colonization by Fusarium oxysporum (Fo) endophytes reduces wilt disease symptoms caused by pathogenic Fo strains. The endophytic strain Fo47, isolated from wilt suppressive soils, reduces Fusarium wilt in various crop species such as tomato, flax, and asparagus. How endophyte-mediated resistance (EMR) against Fusarium wilt is achieved is unclear. Here, nonpathogenic colonization by Fo47 and pathogenic colonization by Fo f.sp. lycopersici (Fol) strains were assessed in tomato roots and stems when inoculated separately or coinoculated. It is shown that Fo47 reduces Fol colonization in stems of both noncultivated and cultivated tomato species. Conversely, Fo47 colonization of coinoculated tomato stems was increased compared to single inoculated plants. Quantitative PCR of fungal colonization of roots (co)inoculated with Fo47 and/or Fol showed that pathogen colonization was drastically reduced when coinoculated with Fo47, compared with single inoculated roots. Endophytic colonization of tomato roots remained unchanged upon coinoculation with Fol. In conclusion, EMR against Fusarium wilt is correlated with a reduction of root and stem colonization by the pathogen. In addition, the endophyte may take advantage of the pathogen-induced suppression of plant defences as it colonizes tomato stems more extensively.

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Fusarium oxysporum colonizes the stem of resistant tomato plants, the extent varying with the R-gene present

Abstract: Fusarium oxysporum colonizes the stem of resistant tomato plants, the extent varying with the R-gene present van der Does, H.C.; Constantin, M.E.; Houterman, P.M.; Takken, F.L.W.; Cornelissen, B.J.C.; Haring, M.A.; van den Burg, H.A.; Rep, M.

Cited by 31 publications

References 40 publications

Biocontrol by Fusarium oxysporum Using Endophyte-Mediated Resistance

Biocontrol by Fusarium oxysporum Using Endophyte-Mediated Resistance

Epidemiology of Fusarium oxysporum causing root and crown rot of cannabis (Cannabis sativa L., marijuana) plants in commercial greenhouse production

Diminished Pathogen and Enhanced Endophyte Colonization upon CoInoculation of Endophytic and Pathogenic Fusarium Strains

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