Fusarium mycotoxins' occurrence in cereals harvested from Croatian fields

Pleadin, Jelka; Vahčić, Nada; Perši, Nina; Ševelj, Dubravka; Markov, Ksenija; Frece, Jadranka

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.12.002

Cited by 99 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It has been well established that factors of relevance for the nascence of Fusarium mycotoxins are the presence of Fusarium mycotoxin-producing moulds, the level of humidity, environmental temperature, the degree of aeration, the presence of insects and mechanical grain damage, the level of contamination thereby most commonly depending on climate conditions witnessed during the cultivation period (Mateo et al, 2002;CAST, 2003;Pleadin et al, 2013). Fusarium mycotoxin contamination becomes an issue of special concern during rainy seasons characterised by substantial temperature variations, since these conditions favour mould contamination and therefore also an increased mycotoxin production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fusarium mycotoxin contamination becomes an issue of special concern during rainy seasons characterised by substantial temperature variations, since these conditions favour mould contamination and therefore also an increased mycotoxin production. Literature data have provided evidence substantiating the need for systematic monitoring of, and control over, cereals and cereal-based products, and/or the use of decontamination techniques, so as to prevent an unfavourable impact on human and animal health as well as to cut down economic losses suffered by the food and livestock industries (Pepeljnjak et al, 2008;Pleadin et al, 2012a;Pleadin et al, 2012b;Pleadin et al, 2013). In absence of universal physical, chemical or biological technique capable of removing most mycotoxins from cereals with no unfavourable effect on their nutritional value, prevention of mycotoxin contamination, control over cereals and clear definition of mycotoxin MPLs in foodstuffs and feedstuffs are of the outmost importance (Pleadin et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Literature data have provided evidence substantiating the need for systematic monitoring of, and control over, cereals and cereal-based products, and/or the use of decontamination techniques, so as to prevent an unfavourable impact on human and animal health as well as to cut down economic losses suffered by the food and livestock industries (Pepeljnjak et al, 2008;Pleadin et al, 2012a;Pleadin et al, 2012b;Pleadin et al, 2013). In absence of universal physical, chemical or biological technique capable of removing most mycotoxins from cereals with no unfavourable effect on their nutritional value, prevention of mycotoxin contamination, control over cereals and clear definition of mycotoxin MPLs in foodstuffs and feedstuffs are of the outmost importance (Pleadin et al, 2013). Given that data on natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins in the last decades in Bosnia and Herzegovina are generally scarce and rare, particularly compared to those gathered by other European countries, this study aimed at gathering data on the occurrence of these mycotoyins in various types of unprocessed cereals harvested from fields across the country in a 3-year period, and to relate these data to climate conditions witnessed during the cultivation period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Annual variations of Fusarium mycotoxins in unprocessed maize, wheat and barley from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Pleadin

Vasilj

Petrović

et al. 2017

Croat. J. Food Sci. Technol.

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SummaryIn this study, the occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA) and fumonisins (FUM) was investigated in a total of 257 samples of unprocessed cereals (maize, wheat and barley), sampled annually in Bosnia and Herzegovina throughout the 2013-2015 harvesting period. The levels of mycotoxins were determined using a validated ELISA method. The results showed maize to be the most contaminated cereal among the three, with DON detected in 85%, ZEA in 73% and FUM in 67% of samples, the mean concentrations of the toxins observed during the study period thereby being 984±957 μg/kg, 326±314 μg/kg, and 1,259±1,161 μg/kg, respectively. Twenty samples (7.8%) were proven inadmissible for consumption as foodstuffs (Commission Regulation 1881/2006), and 3 samples (1.2%) were proven inadmissible even as feedstuffs (Commission Recommendation 2006/576/EC). Significantly higher (p < 0.05) mycotoxin levels determined in samples harvested in 2014 as compared to those harvested in 2013 and 2015 could be associated with heavy rainfall periods witnessed in 2014 that could favour the formation of moulds, and consequently also the increased production of Fusarium mycotoxins.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Annual variations of Fusarium mycotoxins in unprocessed maize, wheat and barley from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Pleadin

Vasilj

Petrović

et al. 2017

Croat. J. Food Sci. Technol.

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“…DON and ZEA concentrations higher than recommended for dairy cattle feedstuffs under the Commission Recommendations 2006/576/EC (EC, 2006) were determined in 4.2 % and 9.2 % of samples, respectively. Although FUM concentrations were not higher than recommended in any of the samples, a significant level of contami- Given that high mycotoxin concentrations are usually associated with climatic conditions, in particular humidity and temperature as the factors most critical for mould formation and, thus, also mycotoxin production (Pleadin et al, 2013), high contamination of feedstuffs observed in this study could be explained by weather conditions evidenced during the period of cereal growth and harvesting. Official weather reports for 2014 show that in the period of cereal growth and harvesting (May-September), the investigated parts of Croatia were warm (75-91 %) to very warm (91-98 %) (MHS, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…The results of validation of the methods used for cow milk analyses are shown in Table 1. The validation data pertaining to the methods used for the determination of these mycotoxins in feedstuffs (cereals) were published earlier (Pleadin et al, 2013). , 2002), the applied quantitative ELISA methods can be considered suitable for the determination of the investigated mycotoxins in milk.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of Fusarium mycotoxins in feedstuffs and cow milk sampled from Croatian farms during 2015

et al. 2017

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Mycotoxins may contaminate food of animal origin due to the carry-over effect and represent a potential risk to human health. The problem of Fusarium mycotoxin contamination becomes an issue especially during rainy years characterised by substantial temperature changes. The aim of this study was to investigate into the level of Fusarium mycotoxins zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisins (FUM) in maize silage (n=21), concentrated dairy cattle feeds (n=56) and cow milk samples (n=105), taken during 2015 from households located in four Croatian regions. The presence of mycotoxins was determined using validated ELISA methods. A high level of feedstuffs' contamination was evidenced, especially with ZEN, with values higher than recommended observed in 9.5 % of maize silage samples. Fourteen point three percent (14.3 %) of milk samples were DON positive, with the toxin concentrations ranging from 5.4 to 67.3 µg/L. ZEN was determined in 94.3 % of milk samples, ranging from 0.3 to 88.6 µg/L. FUM were not detected in any of the analysed milk samples. Given the tolerable daily intakes (TDIs) defined for these mycotoxins, human health risks arising from the consumption of cow milk can generally be considered low, even in times characterised by weather conditions that facilitate the production of Fusarium mycotoxins in cereals subsequently used as dairy cattle feed. The exception represents particular milk samples in which high ZEN concentrations were found.

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Primary research on sampling scheme for analyzing mycotoxin distribution in wheat and rice fields

Fan

Wang

et al. 2021

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND Mycotoxins are among the most severe food contaminants. Deoxynivalenol and aflatoxin contamination are predominant in wheat and rice, respectively. Nowadays, there are no standardized and approved grain‐sampling schemes worldwide. This study aimed to develop a scientific grain‐sampling scheme to investigate the regularity of mycotoxin distributed in wheat and rice fields. The data were analyzed with analysis of variance and cluster analysis to select a better sampling scheme. RESULTS Considering the influences of the weather before harvest (temperature, humidity, wind direction, and other conditions), we sampled grains from different places in different farmlands and detected the mycotoxin content of the sampled grains. The mycotoxin content had extremely significant differences in the area of rice fields (P<0.01) and significant differences in the area of wheat fields (P<0.05). The filtering effect existed peripheral the field areas, especially peripheral the humid areas, where the fungi were filtered and the toxin were easily produced. Furthermore, the upwind direction peripheral the field areas cause more filterature effect than other wind direction. Although 97% of mycotoxins in wheat can be removed through the shelling process, the toxin content were not obviously affected by rice lodging in the field. According to the cluster analysis, the peripheral and middle areas were divided into the same group with higher mycotoxin content. CONCLUSION This paper developed a sampling scheme to detect the mycotoxin content of wheat and rice in the field, considering the temperature and humidity of the weather, locations, and other grain contamination conditions before harvest. Meanwhile, the sampling rule of lodging and wind direction in the field was also assayed. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry

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Fusarium mycotoxins' occurrence in cereals harvested from Croatian fields

Cited by 99 publications

References 25 publications

Annual variations of Fusarium mycotoxins in unprocessed maize, wheat and barley from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Annual variations of Fusarium mycotoxins in unprocessed maize, wheat and barley from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Presence of Fusarium mycotoxins in feedstuffs and cow milk sampled from Croatian farms during 2015

Primary research on sampling scheme for analyzing mycotoxin distribution in wheat and rice fields

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