Further Studies on Vitamin G in Chick Nutrition

Bethke, R. M.; Record, P. R.; Wilder, O. H. M.

doi:10.3382/ps.0160175

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Wilgus, Norris & Heuser (1935) subsequently established that the pre-eminent value of supplements of milk and milk products was due to their vitamin G content, while Lepkovsky & Jukes (1936) demonstrated that vitamin G (flavin) was a dietary essential for chicks. Bethke, Record & Wilder (1937) showed that flavins were the principal effective substances in vitamin G. This was confirmed by feeding supplements of crystalline lactoflavin, which prevented curled-toe paralysis and gave growth results comparable with those given by 7-5 % dried whey. Phillips & Engel (1938) made a histological study of the paralysis and reported neuromalacia of the sciatic and brachial nerves as the principal lesions associated with the condition.…”

supporting

confidence: 54%

The riboflavin requirement of the White Wyandotte chick

Bolton¹

1944

J. Agric. Sci.

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1. Literature relevant to the elucidation of the role of riboflavin in chick nutrition is briefly reviewed.2. A series of experiments on the quantitative requirement of White Wyandotte chicks for riboflavin is described.3. The riboflavin requirement of White Wyandotte chicks for optimum growth to 6 weeks of age is the same as that for optimum efficiency of food utilization over the same period (3·0 μg. riboflavin per g. food).4. The riboflavin content for the prevention of curled-toe paralysis is 3·6 μg. per g. food, and is slightly greater than the requirement for optimum growth and food utilization.5. The curve relating the riboflavin content of the diet to the riboflavin content of the chick's liver has a sigmoid form, and in general tends to lie asymptotically to values of about 26 μg. riboflavin per g. fresh liver when the intake is grossly deficient, and 39 μg. riboflavin per g. fresh liver when the intake is fully adequate.6. It is suggested that the riboflavin content of the liver may be a more satisfactory criterion of the minimum riboflavin requirement for full well-being than the amounts necessary to secure optimum growth and prevention of curled-toe paralysis.

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supporting

confidence: 54%

The riboflavin requirement of the White Wyandotte chick

Bolton¹

1944

J. Agric. Sci.

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“…Lepkovsky and Jukes (1935) reported that chicks had an absolute requirement for vitamin G separate from the vitamin B complex and that the vitamin was probably a flavin compound. Bethke et al (1937) identified riboflavin as the substance in the vitamin G complex responsible for the enhancement of hatchability of chicks. Lepkovsky et al (1938) showed the relationship between laying hen diet, egg riboflavin concentrations, and various embryonic deficiency signs by measuring albumen riboflavin concentrations by a photometric assay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Vitamin Profiles of Eggs as Indicators of Nutritional Status in the Laying Hen: Riboflavin Study

Squires¹,

Naber²

1993

Poultry Science

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Two experiments determined the effect of dietary riboflavin supplementation on egg yolk and albumen riboflavin concentrations, egg production, egg weight, shell thickness, hen weight, hatchability, incidence of clubbed down, and incidence of hemorrhagic embryos. In the first experiment, hens were fed rations containing 1.55, 2.20, 4.40, and 8.80 mg of riboflavin/kg of diet for 27 wk. Significant (P < .05) depressions in both yolk and albumen riboflavin concentrations were noted at the two lower riboflavin levels after 1 wk. Egg production, egg weight, hatchability, and hen weight were all significantly depressed by the two lower riboflavin levels later in the experiment when compared with the two higher levels. Results indicate that egg riboflavin concentrations are related to important production parameters that may be used to predict future dietary riboflavin inadequacies. In the second experiment, hens were fed either an unsupplemented diet or a riboflavin-adequate diet. Measurements of egg albumen riboflavin content, egg production, hatchability, and embryo abnormalities were made twice each week. Results showed depressed albumen riboflavin concentrations and hatchability and increased incidence of hemorrhagic embryos and clubbed down without changes in egg production during the 4- to 7-day period following feeding of the unsupplemented diet. These results show that low albumen riboflavin content immediately affect hatchability and embryonic development. The estimated minimum critical albumen riboflavin concentrations needed to support maximum reproductive function are between 1.9 and 2.9 micrograms of riboflavin/g of egg albumen. These critical values might be used to evaluate riboflavin status of laying and breeding flocks.

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“…Furthermore, different types of feedstuffs vary in their ability to prevent nutritional paralysis when fed at such levels as to promote a similar growth response." On the other hand, Bethke, Record, and Wilder (1937), using crystalline flavin, prevented this nutritional paralysis. Corroboratory evidence was advanced by Jukes (1937b) indicating that riboflavin is the antiparalytic factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Extraction of commercial caseins with weak acetic acid and alcohol for extended periods failed to eliminate all of the flavin and the relative flavin content of various caseins was correlated with their growthpromoting properties. Bethke,Record,and [301] at Uniwersytet Warszawski Biblioteka Uniwersytecka on April 14, 2015 http://ps.oxfordjournals.org/ Downloaded from Wilder (1937) found that the rate of growth and the percentage of chicks that exhibited nutritional paralysis was influenced by the casein in the basal diet. A smaller incidence of paralysis and greater growth was obtained with a domestic (American) casein than with an Argentine casein.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%