Further studies on changes in immunoglobulin G in the sera and CSF of Herdwick sheep with natural and experimental scrapie

Collis, Susan C.; Kimberlin, R.H.

doi:10.1016/0021-9975(83)90019-1

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The above data, combined with a number of other studies, indicate that lymphocytes do not serve as a replication site for scrapie. Based on changes in immunoglobulin levels [15][16][17], however, there is suggestive evidence that B cells can be affected during the infection process in some, but not all, scrapie models. A possible clue to new models to examine was provided by findings that there are histopathotogical changes in the adrenal glands of mice from scrapie strain-mouse strain combinations that develop obesity [28].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Interaction of scrapie agent and cells of the lymphoreticular system

Carp

Callahan

Patrick

et al. 1994

Archives of Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The current study focused on the role of lymphoid elements of the lymphoreticular system in scrapie pathogenesis. In the first experiment, adherent and non-adherent splenocytes from mice infected with the 139A scrapie strain were prepared. The level of infectivity on a per cell basis was significantly higher in the adherent cell population. In a second set of experiments, thymocytes, unfractionated splenocytes, T-cell enriched and T-cell depleted fractions of splenocytes were infected in vitro with ME7 scrapie strain. There was no evidence of replication of scrapie in ME7-exposed cells in any of the preparations during the first 5-14 days post-exposure. In assays done 5 days after infection, most of the infectivity was cell-associated. These data suggest that lymphoid cells are not involved in scrapie replication. The level of IgA in the serum of 139A-infected mice was markedly reduced compared to the levels in mice injected with normal mouse brain homogenate or with the ME7 scrapie strain. The reduction in IgA levels in 139A-infected mice was evident at each of the 4 time points tested. The final experiment dealt with the question of scrapie replication in the lymphoreticular organs in mouse strains with different incubation periods for 139A after intraperitoneal injection. The results in this experiment suggest that the difference in incubation periods is related to differences in time of access of infection to the central nervous system rather than to differences in the ability of agent to replicate in spleen.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Changes in immunoglobulin levels have been described in several scrapie strain-host model systems [15][16][17] but they are clearly not a requisite aspect of scrapie pathogenesis since most model systems do not yield immunoglobulin changes. In those models in which changes occur the cause is not known.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Interaction of scrapie agent and cells of the lymphoreticular system

Carp

Callahan

Patrick

et al. 1994

Archives of Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As the APPs and immunoglobulins are part of the globulin fraction, this increase could be the result of increased synthesis of APPs, as seen for the three positive APPs tested in this work: Hp, SAA and Cp. Several studies have failed to describe a significant increase in immunoglobulins at clinical classical scrapie, especially scrapie-specific IgG [43-45]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of an acute phase response in sheep with clinical classical scrapie

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundWork with experimental scrapie in sheep has been performed on-site for many years including studies on PrPSc dissemination and histopathology of organs and tissues both at preclinical and clinical stages. In this work serum was sampled at regular intervals from lambs which were infected immediately after birth and from parallel healthy controls, and examined for acute phase proteins. In contrast to earlier experiments, which extensively studied PrPSc dissemination and histopathology in peripheral tissues and brain, this experiment is focusing on examination of serum for non-PrPSc markers that discriminates the two groups, and give insight into other on-going processes detectable in serum samples.ResultsThere was clear evidence of an acute phase response in sheep with clinical scrapie, both experimental and natural. All the three proteins, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin and serum amyloid A, were increased at the clinical stage of scrapie.ConclusionThere was evidence of a systemic measurable acute phase response at the clinical terminal end-stage of classical scrapie.

show abstract

“…“De novo” immunoglobulin synthesis inside the central nervous system has been shown to occur in NCC [17]. In general, however, antibody levels are lower in CSF, because they mostly come from passive diffusion from the blood system [29, 30], although there is a gradient of increased protein concentration as the CSF descends along the neuroaxis [30, 31]. Consequently, the use of CSF yields weaker reactions and thus lower sensitivity but also a significant reduction in nonspecific reactions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection ofTaenia soliumAntigens and Anti–T. soliumAntibodies in Paired Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Samples from Patients with Intraparenchymal or Extraparenchymal Neurocysticercosis

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a frequent cause of epilepsy worldwide. Compared with the more common parenchymal brain cysts, extraparenchymal infections are difficult to manage and have a poor prognosis. Serological assays are used to detect circulating Taenia solium antigens or anti–T. solium antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. There are no guidelines on whether to use serum or CSF specimens for a particular assay. Methods We obtained paired serum and CSF samples from 91 patients with NCC (48 had intraparenchymal NCC, and 43 had extraparenchymal NCC) for detection of antibodies, using an enzyme-linked immunotransfer blot (EITB) assay, and antigens, using a monoclonal antibody–based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results For the intraparenchymal NCC group, the EITB assay yielded more true-positive results for serum samples, and the ELISA yielded slightly more true-positive results for CSF samples than for serum samples, but none of these differences were statistically significant. Most patients with calcified NCC were antibody positive but antigen negative. For extraparenchymal disease, all samples were antibody positive, and all but 2 were antigen positive, with most samples containing high antigen levels. Conclusions The sensitivity of antibody-detecting EITB assays is not increased through the use of CSF samples rather than serum samples. The antigen-detecting ELISA performed better for CSF samples than for serum samples, but for both specimen types it was less sensitive than the EITB assay. Active and inactive NCC are better differentiated from each other by the antigen-detecting ELISA, for both serum and CSF samples. High antigen levels suggest the presence of subarachnoid NCC.

show abstract

Further studies on changes in immunoglobulin G in the sera and CSF of Herdwick sheep with natural and experimental scrapie

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

Interaction of scrapie agent and cells of the lymphoreticular system

Interaction of scrapie agent and cells of the lymphoreticular system

Presence of an acute phase response in sheep with clinical classical scrapie

Detection ofTaenia soliumAntigens and Anti–T. soliumAntibodies in Paired Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Samples from Patients with Intraparenchymal or Extraparenchymal Neurocysticercosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About