Further Studies of Toxoplasmosis in Birds1

Drobeck, Hans P.; Manwell, Reginald D.; Bernstein, Emil; Dillon, Raymond D.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a119609

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The infection of poultry with tachyzoites was practiced before in other studies (Drobeck et al 1953; Kaneto et al 1997) to describe effects of the parasite in an in vivo infection model, though this is not the natural way of infection. We have chosen this route of infection in the present trial to benefit from in vitro propagation of T. gondii instead of in vivo passages to gather infection material since previous studies revealed no significant differences between turkeys infected by the intravenous route or the oral route, regarding the number of positive tested (edible) tissue samples (Bangoura et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence ofToxoplasma gondiitissue stages in poultry over a conventional fattening cycle

Geuthner¹,

Koethe²,

Ludewig³

et al. 2014

Parasitology

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Toxoplasma gondii is a widely spread protozoon in humans, mammals and poultry. Regarding the latter, nothing is known yet about the duration of T. gondii persistence and distribution over a conventional fattening cycle of turkeys and chickens. Twenty-four turkeys and 12 broiler chickens were infected intravenously with 1×10(6) T. gondii tachyzoites (strain NED). Serum antibody levels were determined weekly by ELISA (turkeys) or immunofluorescent antibody test (chickens). Turkeys were slaughtered at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks post-infection (p.i.), and chickens 5 or 10 weeks p.i. (n = 6 per group). Sixteen different tissue samples per bird were analysed for T. gondii by PCR. All infected animals showed seroconversion. In turkeys, 15.9% of all samples were tested positive for T.-gondii-DNA. Among the edible tissues (drumstick, thigh, breast muscle, heart, liver and gizzard) 7.8% tested positive. Among poultry slaughtered after different periods of time after infection no significant differences (P>0.05) regarding the number of positive samples were observed. Only 4 out of 192 samples (2.1%) from infected chickens contained detectable T. gondii DNA.The PCR findings suggested that T. gondii may persist in poultry. Particularly in turkey it was shown that edible tissues stay infected for at least 16 weeks p.i. which indicates a potential risk for consumers of undercooked turkey meat whereas chickens appear less susceptible to T. gondii infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence ofToxoplasma gondiitissue stages in poultry over a conventional fattening cycle

Geuthner¹,

Koethe²,

Ludewig³

et al. 2014

Parasitology

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“…Domestic turkeys are usually resistant to clinical toxoplasmosis (4). Results of experimental infections demonstrated that even one or two-week-old turkeys inoculated with millions of tachyzoites of RH strains became infected, but did not develop clinical signs, while all of experimentally infected turkeys harbored T. gondii in their tissues (14). Similar results were obtained by feeding T. gondii oocysts to turkeys, where turkeys were fed with oocysts and viable T. gondii were recovered from tissues of all turkeys by bioassays in mice and all the turkeys developed antibodies to T. gondii , detectable by MAT (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Serological Evaluation of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Reared Turkeys in Fars Province, Iran

Sarkari

Asgari

Bagherian

et al. 2014

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background:Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. This parasite infects most of warm-blooded animals, including birds. Turkeys are one of these animals which might be infected by this parasite. Little is known about the prevalence of T. gondii in turkeys in Iran.Objectives:The current study aimed to evaluate the rate of Toxoplasma infection in turkeys in Fars Province, Southern Iran.Materials and Methods:Sera and tissues (brain, neck and tongue) of 54 turkeys were collected from Shiraz slaughterhouse in Fars province. Anti-Toxoplasma antibodies were assessed in the collected sera using modified agglutination test (MAT), while tissues were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and bioassay methods.Results:T. gondii antibodies (MAT titer: ≥ 1:40) were found in 89.8% of turkeys. T. gondii DNA was detected in 61.6% of turkey tissues and brain had the highest rate of infection. Brain tissues from each animal were bioassayed and Toxoplasma tissue cysts were found in 11.5% and Toxoplasma DNA in 62% of inoculated mice.Conclusions:Results of this study validated a relatively high level of Toxoplasma infection in reared turkeys and turkey meat might be considered as an infection sources for human.

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“…Dubey et al (1993a) reported clinical signs and deaths among 2-week-old turkeys experimentally infected with T. gondii oocysts in an association with concurrent aspergillosis. Parasitaemia and re-isolation of T. gondii following an experimental intraperitoneal infection with T. gondii tachyzoites in turkeys has been described by Drobeck et al (1953). After experimental infections with tachyzoites and tissue cysts, Simitch et al (1965b) considered turkeys highly susceptible to toxoplasmosis.…”

Section: Toxoplasmosis In Partridges 567mentioning

confidence: 99%

High susceptibility of partridges ( Perdix perdix ) to toxoplasmosis compared with other gallinaceous birds

Sedlák¹,

Literák²,

Vitula³

et al. 2000

Avian Pathology

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Further Studies of Toxoplasmosis in Birds1

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Persistence ofToxoplasma gondiitissue stages in poultry over a conventional fattening cycle

Persistence ofToxoplasma gondiitissue stages in poultry over a conventional fattening cycle

Molecular and Serological Evaluation of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Reared Turkeys in Fars Province, Iran

High susceptibility of partridges ( Perdix perdix ) to toxoplasmosis compared with other gallinaceous birds

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